Case Closed: Holocaust Survivors in Postwar America

Index

Abramowicz, Henik, 166 Abramowicz, Rosa, 166 acculturation: difficulty for religious families, 73; employment as standard of success in, 51, 52; experienced through previous loss, 116; minimization of refugee dependence on agencies and, 51; as New York Association for New Americans goal, 50–71 affidavits: agency, 32, 46; community, 65; corporate, 32, 33, 106; employer, 32; financial commitment in, 33; individual, 32, 33, 46; for orphans, 96; provided by Jewish community, 50 agencies: conflict with survivors wishing to maintain religious values, 4; 8–4 plan, 53, 54, 83; expectations for wives to work, 84; expectations of repayment from clients by, 68; feelings that clients were using training grants to put off employment, 62; focus on employment, 4, 51; focus on independence for clients, 22; inability to consider religious needs, 72–93; lack of cooperation among, 24; lack of support for resettlement programs among, 25; lack of understanding of refugee needs, 40, 70, 87; limitations and reductions of services, 4, 145–148, 151; for New York City clients, 24; programs for orphans, 4, 5, 113; programs for surviving orthodox Jews, 4; refugee expectations and, 50–71; religious refugee expectation of support for study from, 77, 83, 84; reluctance to “coddle” refugees, 126; responses to medical evaluations of survivors, 131; secularity of, 4, 74; seeking ways to decrease services to religious clients, 86; stress on independence through employment, 51; support for clients in training programs, 62, 63; treatment of survivors as other groups, 115–132; 20–40 policy, 53, 54. See also specific agencies Agudas World Organization, 81, 82 aliyah (immigration to Israel), 15 Allport, Gordon, 137 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), 4, 19, 23, 57, 74, 121 American OSE Review, 136, 141 American Psychiatric Association, 137 American Zionist Emergency Council, 11 Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, 10, 11, 13 213 Page numbers in italics indicate illustrations. INDEX antisemitism, 18, 31; in United States, 10 Askin, Arnold, 51 Attlee, Clement, 10, 13 Australia, 15 Banks, Dena, 43, 49 Beck, Joseph, 30, 36, 79 Behrman, Beatrice, 38, 39, 40 Beit Midrash Gevoha (New Jersey), 74 Belgium, 15 Belkin, Rabbi, 76 Bell, Hiller, 161, 162, 163, 167, 168, 171 Berg, Mary, 27, 28; Warsaw Ghetto: A Diary, 27 Berger, Robert, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113 Bergmann, Martin, Generations of the Holocaust (with Jucovy), 140 Berneman family, 37 Bialystoker Memorial Book, 169, 171 Bialystoker Relief Committee, 159 Bloch, Rabbi, 74 Boder, David, 136, 137; I Did Not Interview the Dead, 137 Boston: Bradshaw House in, 111, 112; creation of special programs for orphans in, 113; Jewish Family and Children’s Services in, 108, 112; New Americans Club in, 164 Boston Herald, 109 Boyarin, Jonathan, 168 Bradshaw House (Boston), 111, 112 Bridgton (Maine), Camp Kingswood in, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112 Brighton Beach (New York City), 164 Budapest Reform Seminary, 77 Buffalo (New York), resettlement in, 45 Camp Kingswood (Maine), 108, 109, 110, 111, 112 Canada, 15 Carter, Beatrice, 108, 110, 111, 112 “A Case History of a Concentration Camp Survivor,” 141 Central British Fund, 121, 122 Chicago, Jewish Family and Children’s Services in, 144 Cincinnati (Ohio), Jewish Family Service Bureau in, 145 Claremont (New Hampshire), 77 Clark, Tom Campbell, 30 Cleveland (Ohio), 2; Jewish Family Service Association in, 79, 80; Menorah Group in, 164; resettlement in, 46, 79, 80, 105, 106, 107, 158 Club 1939 (Denver), 164, 167 Club of Bialystoker Friends, 162 Cohen, Elie, Human Behavior in the Concentration Camp, 141 Cohen, Morris, 118 Colorado State Vocational Rehabilitation Board, 69 Columbia (South Carolina), 2; B’nai Brith in, 42; enthusiasm for immigrants in, 42; Hebrew Benevolent Society in, 42; local advocacy in, 43; resettlement in, 42–44 Columbia University School of Social Work, 134 Committee for Service to Émigrés, San Francisco Utility Workshop by, 60 community, American Jewish: assistance by, 4; attempts to secure commitments from, 36, 37, 38; commitment for care of refugees by, 13, 18; communication with European Jewry, 160; conservative and reform, 75; creation of postwar refugee agencies by, 9; encouragement to refugees to settle in Palestine, 10; material and social comfort in, 18; need to educate concerning responsibility for refugees, 36; pledge to honor sponsor promises, 32; refugees’ feelings of alienation from, 6; secular values in, 75; views on Truman Directive, 2, 13; wide range of reception by, 49 Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds (CJFWF), 23, 86 Cowett, Allan, 145 Cracow Friendship Society, 162 Czechoslovakia, 14 214 Index Dallas, New Texans Club in, 164...