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Æneolithic peoples: Irish, 167; Near east, 64; spanish, 162; types of tombs, 159 age of the heroes, 191 age of Iron, 144, 205, 212, 238, 239, 249, 250, 261, 265, 268–70, 272, 280–81, 283 age of Metals, 154, 157; Ægean, 55, 137; expansion of maritime culture, 138–39, 155, 158; Irish weapons, 164; origin of megaliths, 144; tombs, 137, 160, 169 age of the Passage graves, 194–95 amber, 125 Ancient Hunters and their Modern Representatives , 18 Archaic Civilisation, 66 archaic Culture: close of, 174–75 aurignacian culture: rise of art, 10; tools, 9 australian aborigines: primitive culture, 18 Babylonian theory: assyrian period, 101; divination & astrology, 100–102; seleucid era, 102 Barbarism, first forms of, 36 Battle-axe cultures: copper, 199, 203, 206; graves, 199; hunnish invasion , 207; Kurgans, 202–4, 206; Norwegian, 204; Russian, 203–7; Thuringian, 232; warlike pastoral society, 201, 236, 249 Bell-Beaker people, 156, 159, 198, 237; origin of culture, 158, 162–64, 167, 238; pottery, 160; Round Barrow race, 163–64; tombs, 166 Bronze age, 64, 144, 162–65, 236; atlantis myth, 159; Cretan court attire, 131–32; Cretan palaces, 129–33; Cretan shrines, 130; denmark invasion , 164; engravings, 211; faience, 131; Iberian tumuli, 168; institutions, 172; Irish “age of gold,” 168; Irish weaponry trade, 167; mineral riches, 134; Minoan culture to Mycenæan, 134; Nordic culture development, 192; prospectors, 158; solar cults, 212; stone culture, 137, 142, 161; Tartessian monarchy, 159–60; trade routes, 264. See also european Bronze age Campignian culture: pottery, 36 Capsian culture, 13; paintings, 14; as Tardenoisian culture, 33 Cedar: Ægean and syrian, 118; from armenia and Lebanon, 97 Civilization: origins of cities, 81, 86–87, 95; possibility of, xxiii. See also sacred cities Copper age, 56 danubian culture: territory, 39–40 diversity: climate and human skills, 19 domestication of animals, 67, 177 druidism, 171 economics: banking, 97–99; land measurements, 99; in Mesopotamian guilds, 98; temples, 96–97 egypt: architecture and art, 218, 221–22; Badarian culture, 105–6; and Cretan culture, 127; calendars, 111, 121; Cappadocian tablets, 83; copper, 57, 97, 125; cult of aton, 219–221; cult of the dead, 121, 218–19; dark ages, 223; 323 Index of Subjects 324 Index of Subjects egypt: (cont.) decline of empire, 221; disillusionment and fatalism, 185; “followers of horus,” 113; gold, 57, 125; hamitic toungues, 106; hyksos invasion, 189, 214; imperial age, 219; meaning of the crown, 114; Middle Kingdom, 187; military power, 214; monarchy and high civilization, 107–10, 114–15, 120; natural conditions, 103–4; Nilotic tradition, 104; pictographic script, 56, 58, 99, 121; sacrifices, 121; solar religions of delta, 83; sumerian motives in art, 57; temples, 222; tombs, 116–17, 119, 121, 146, 225; Wadi hammamat, 58. See also hittite Civilization european Bronze age: Ægean culture, 254–56, 259, 282; anthropologies, 272; Baltic cults, 274; burial and cremation , 250–52, 256, 269, 279; Celtic speech, 238; decline of Nordic culture , 239–40; dorian states, 259, 265; etruscan script and language, 277–78, 281–82; exports and art, 235, 270–71; greek immigration, 279; homeric age, 258–61; identification of, 234, 281; industries, 233, 239, 241–43, 250; metal culture, 230–31, 244–45, 271, 279; Middle danube province, 241–42, 253; Mycenæan Culture, 255, 257–58, 265, 269; ornamentation, 234–35, 242, 255, 258; other metals, 232, 234; Terremare culture, 244–48, 250–52, 264, 268–69, 271, 279–80; trade routes, 239, 243, 247, 273–76 fertility deities: and development of civilizations, 78–82; greek, 69; Mother goddesses, 71–72, 74–82, 107, 110, 147, 171, 182, 191, 208, 210–11, 228, 274; preservation in asia Minor, 72–73; scandinavian gods, 208–10; situlæ, 275; sumerian, 68–70; syrian, 71 glacial period: in asia, 47; differentiation , 4 greek: astronomy, 101; language, 101; tombs of south Crete, 152 hittite Civilization: atlantis, 264; cuneiform script, 225–26; economics, 226; empire, 222, 257; fall of, 260–61, 264; formation of cities, 83–84; hieroglyphic script, 225; iron smelting, 227, 273; languages and literature, 224, 228; legislation, 100; migration, 280; pictograph script, 225; pirate populations, 262; power, 213, 217, 221; region, 55, 253; religion, 227–28, 278. See also fertility deities human types: appearance, 6–7; Combe Capelle, 8; Cromagnon, 7–9, 11; Neanderthal, 7–8, 17 hunting societies: cave paintings, 25–27; gilyak offerings, 23; guardian spirits, 25–26, 29–31; importance of dreams, 26–28; Koryak religion, 21–22; Maglemose, 35; mutilation, 26; neolithic, 207–8; Pueblo, 29; Religion of Mana, 20; Religion...

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