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41 Herbert Schneider 4  New Wine in Old Skins? Remarks on the Collectio Burdegalensis The biblical saying that no man should put ‘new wine in old wineskins ’ , for these would otherwise burst (Mt. 9:17; Mk. 2:22; Lk. 5:37), can epitomize the following reflections on the Collectio Burdegalensis.1 Scholars recognized from the first that this collection from southwestern France actually combines two collections that do not entirely fit each other: the already aging, pre-Gregorian Decretum of Burchard of Worms2 and a collection from the Gregorian Reform period, the Diversorum patrum sententiae (also called Collection in 74 Titles7, hereafter abbreviated DPS). Since Paul Fournier, the DPS has been regarded as ‘le premier manuel de la réforme du XIe siècle’ , as a collection giving especial prominence to the papal primacy and to the comments of ancient popes on church law.3 In 1. A rich body of research on this legal collection has come into being in recent years: Kéry, Can. Coll. 215–16; Linda Fowler-Magerl, ‘Fine Distinctions and their Transmission of Texts’ , ZRG Kan. Abt. 83 (1997) 146–86; idem, Clavis 129–32; Kriston R. Rennie, ‘The Collectio Burdegalensis and the Transmission of Canonical Texts to Bordeaux c. 1079’ , ZRG Kan. Abt. 94 (2008) 1–20; idem, ‘The Collectio Burdegalensis: A Poitevin Collection?’ Proceedings Esztergom 2008 (forthcoming). 2. Cited after Migne PL 140. The literature on the Decretum is gathered in Kéry, Can. Coll. 133–55; Fowler-Magerl, Clavis 90. The reserve of the ‘Gregorians’ towards Burchard is expressly discussed by Detlev Jasper, ‘Burchards Dekret in der Sicht der Gregorianer’ , in Bischof Burchard von Worms 1000–1025, ed. Wilfried Hartmann (Quellen und Abhandlungen zur mittelrheinischen Kirchengeschichte 100; Mainz 2000) 167–98. 3. The editor, John F. Gilchrist, Diversorum patrum sententie siue Collectio in LXXIV titulos digesta (MIC Ser. B 1, 1973), still assumed that the collection originated in the circle of Gregory VII. More recent literature in Kéry, Can. Coll. 204–10, and Fowler-Magerl, Clavis 110, developed a new theory of origins (‘Lotharingia’). Horst Fuhrmann already curtailed the reform contours of the DPS in his ‘Über den Reformgeist der 74-Titel-Sammlung (Diversorum patrum sententiae)’ , in Festschrift für Hermann Heimpel, ed. by Max-Planck-Institut für Geschichte (Göttingen 1972) 1101– 20: ‘die Sammlung läßt nicht den rigoristischen Ernst der Reformer erkennen ...’ (1120). Rudolf Schieffer, Die Entstehung des päpstlichen Investiturverbots für den deutschen König (MGH Schriften; Stuttgart 1982) 193–95, also has a similar assessment. 42  Herbert Schneider the Burdegalensis, this collection more or less clearly supportive of the Gregorian Reform is joined with reform texts directly connected to Gregory VII himself, appearing here possibly for the first time. One example is the decretal Licet nova consuetudo—not found in the papal register—where Gregory intervenes in the liturgy for the sake of reform;4 another example comprises the ten sharply formulated reform resolutions that the papal legate Hugh (bishop of Die [1073–82], archbishop of Lyon [1082 to 1106]) imposed at the Synod of Poitiers (January 15, 1078).5 These texts reveal the Burdegalensis as a most interesting subject for an investigation of how ideas of the reform period began to enter canon law and did so most likely during the lifetime of the great reform pope at a then flourishing center of canon law.6 To recall: the Collectio Burdegalensis is transmitted with gaps in seven books in MS Bordeaux, Bibliothèque municipale, ms. 11 (hereafter B); a parallel transmission is found in Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek, ms. M.p.j.q.2 (hereafter W). Codex W contains sixteen books, revealing for the first time the true extent of this collection. In 1897 Joseph Tardif, relying on B, described this legal collection in detail and called it a ‘Collection canonique poitevine’ in seven books that were fragmentary, but which had 4. Uta-Renate Blumenthal and Detlev Jasper, ‘“Licet nova consuetudo”—Gregor VII. und die Liturgie’ , in Bishops, Texts and the Use of Canon Law around 1100. Essays in Honour of Martin Brett, ed. Bruce C. Brasington and Kathleen G. Cushing (Aldershot 2008) 45–68, with proof that the decree really was issued by Gregory VII. 5. See Uta-Renate Blumenthal, ‘Hugh of Die and Lyons, Primate and Papal Legate’ , in Scripturus vitam. Lateinische Biographie von der Antike bis in die Gegenwart. Festgabe für Walter Berschin zum 65. Geburtstag, ed. Dorothea Walz (Heidelberg 2002) 487–95; Kriston R. Rennie, The Application of...

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