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INTRODUCTION IIUSTIN'S Dialogue with Trypho has come down to us through the Codex Paris. gr. 450 (of the year 1364), not, however, without some lacunae: one in the introduction , the other in Chapter 74. The missing part of the introduction would have probably told us of the dedication of this work to Marcus Pompeius, who is addressed in Chapter 141, and alluded to in Chapter 8. The Dialogue reports a discussion that took place at Ephesus between Justin and the Jew Trypho, shortly after the end of the war (ca. 135) instigated by Bar Kocheba, the Jewish rebel, against the Roman power. While the details of the discussion may be fictitious, the broad outline appears to have been founded in fact. Very little is known about Justin's opponent, Trypho.1 He was probably a Jewish refugee who fled from Palestine to Ephesus during Bar Kocheba's uprising . Considerable doubt has been cast upon the supposition that he is to be identified with Tarphon, the famous Palestinian Rabbi. The Dialogue which Justin composed at Rome years after2 the actual debate (i. e., sometime, between 155 and 161), is really a defense of Christianity against Judaism. Since the debate lasted two days, an artificial division of the treatise would be into two parts: the first (Chs. 1-74) would correspond to the first day, and the second (Chs. 75-142) to the second day. A more natural and logical division3 of the 142 chapters would be into five sections: (1) Introduction (1-8), in which Justin, after describing his own education I Cf. p. 12 n. 19. 2 Cf. Dial. w. Tr. 80, p. 276 3 Critics disagree about the literary and logical merits of the exposition in Justin's Dialogue. Cf. K. Hubik, loco cit. and W. Bousset, "JiJdischchristlicher Schulbetrieb in Alexandria und Rom: Forschungen ZUT Religion. N. F. Heft 6 (GQttingen 1915). 139 140 SAINT JUSTIN MARTYR and eventual conversion to Christianity, sets the limits of the debate; (2) Part I (9-47), which explains why Christians do not observe the Mosaic Law; (3) Part II (48-108), which produces arguments to show that Christ is the true Messiah; (4) Part III (109-141), which draws the logical conclusion that the Christians are the true heirs of the divine promises; (5) Conclusion (142), in which Trypho wishes Justin a happy voyage to Rome and Justin, in turn, expresses the hope that Trypho and his friends will one day believe that Jesus Christ is the true Messiah. The text used for this translation is that of Migne, PC 6.471-800, together with the edition of G.Archambault, Justin, Dialogue avec Tryphon (2 vols. Paris 1909). SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Secondary Works: F. Cayre, Patrologie et Histoire de la Theologie (3rd ed. Paris 1938). Ph. Haeuser, Des HI. Philosophen und Miirtyrers justilluS Dialog mit dern juden Tryphon (Bibl.d. Kirchenvliter Bd. 33, 1917). A. Harnack, judenturn und judenchristentum in justins Dialog mit Tryphon (Leipzig 1913). R. Hirzel, Der Dialog (Leipzig 1895). W. Muenscher, An Dialogus cum Tryphone justino Martyri reete adscribatur (Marburg 1799). A. Lukeyn Williams, The Dialogue with Trypho (London 1930). Th. Zahn, 'Dichtung und Wahrheit in Justins Dialog mit dem Juden Tryphon, Zeitschrift fur Kirchengeschichte 8 (1885·1886) 37·66. O. Z&kler, Der Dialog illl Dienste der Apologetik (Giitersloh 1893). CONTENTS Chapter Page 1 Justin meets Trypho 147 2 Justin describes his philosophical studies 149 3 The beginning of Justin's conversion. 151 4 The soul of its own power unable to see God. 153 5 The soul is not in itself immortal . 156 6 Plato contradicted . 158 7 The knowledge of truth can come only from the Prophets 159 8 This conversation enkindles Justin with love for Christ 160 9 The Christians have not believed foolish reports. 161 10 Trypho complains that Christians do not observe the Mosaic Law 162 11 The New Testament abrogated the Old Law. 163 12 The Jews break the Eternal Law and misinterpret the Mosaic Law. 165 13 Isaias teaches remission of sin through the blood of Christ 166 14 Justifications not by Jewish rites but by repentance and baptism . 168 15 True fasting 170 16 Circumcision given to Jews as a mark. 171 17 Jews spread calumnies everywhere against Christians 173 18 Why Christians do not observe the Mosaic Law. 174 141 19 Origin of circumcision and of the Mosaic Law. 20 Origin of the law of meats. 21 Origin of the Sabbath . 22 Origin of sacrifices and oblations . 23 Jewish interpretation of...

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