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Allied leaders in the Sicilian campaign: Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower (far left) meets in North Africa with (left to right) Air Chief Marshall Sir Arthur Tedder , Gen. Harold R.L.G. Alexander, Adm. Sir Andrew B. Cunningham; partially visible at top are (left to right) Harold Macmillan, Maj. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, and unidentified British officer. National Archives and Records Administration. Maj. Gen. George S. Patton Jr. (left) and Rear Adm. H. Kent Hewitt share a light moment on board the USS Augusta off North Africa, November 1942. U.S. Navy photograph in National Archives and Records Administration collection. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 1 USS Massachusetts (BB-59). Looking forward from ship’s after deck, during a lull in the Battle of Casablanca, November 8, 1942. Collection of Rear Adm. Clifford Van Hook, 1972. Naval Historical Center. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 2 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 05:25 GMT) A Grumman F4F Wildcat fighter taking off from the USS Ranger to attack targets ashore during the invasion of Morocco, November 1942. U.S. Navy photograph, National Archives and Records Administration collection. Pilots of Fighting Squadron 41 (VF-41) singing in their ready room aboard the USS Ranger before “zero hour” November 8, 1942. Lt. Malcolm T. Wordell at right is leading songs; Lt. Jacob W. Onstott is standing in left center . U.S. Navy photograph, National Archives and Records Administration collection. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 3 Curtiss SOC Seagull scout observation plane is hoisted aboard USS Philadelphia during the North African operation, November 1942. Lt. Horace Bristol USNR, photographer. National Archives and Records Administration collection. American infantry landing on a beach near Fedala, French Morocco, during Operation Torch, November 8, 1942. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 4 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 05:25 GMT) American troops loading from a transport into an assault landing craft manned by Royal Navy crew off Algiers during Operation Torch. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph.. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 5 U.S. Army donkeys wading ashore at Licata, Sicily, July 1943. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph, National Archives and Records Administration collection. Allied ships under aerial bombardment on D-day, Operation Husky, July 10, 1943. U.S. Coast Guard photograph. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 6 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 05:25 GMT) The Liberty ship Robert Rowan, carrying a cargo of ammunition, was hit by a bomb from a Ju88 off Gela, Sicily, on July 11, 1943. U.S. Coast Guard photograph , National Archives and Records Administration collection. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 7 American ships under attack off Gela, Sicily, on July 11, 1943. National Archives and Records Administration. The cruiser USS Boise firing on enemy forces near Gela, Sicily, during the invasion of Sicily, photographed by Sergeant Crosnon from LST-325, July 11, 1943. U.S. Army Signal Corps collection. Tomblin spread 1.qx 6/30/04 5:49 PM Page 8 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 05:25 GMT) USS LCI(L)-196 and a DUKW at Scoglitti, Sicily, July 1943. Naval Historical Center. Maj. Gen. John L.I. Hawkesworth, British Army, (left) and Rear Adm. Richard L. Conolly USN on board the flagship USS Biscayne during the Salerno landings. National Archives and Records Administration. Tomblin spread 2.qx 6/30/04 5:53 PM Page 1 Wrecked Spitfire shot down by Allied antiaircraft fire over Paestum beach, Salerno. As several U.S. fighter squadrons were equipped with British Spitfires , they bore U.S. markings. In the background is an LST unloading vehicles over a pontoon causeway. U.S. Army Air Corps photograph. Tomblin spread 2.qx 6/30/04 5:53 PM Page 2 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 05:25 GMT) Coast Guardsmen hugging the beach during air strafing and bombing attack on D-day, Operation Avalanche, Bay of Salerno, September 8, 1943. U.S. Coast Guard photograph. Tomblin spread 2.qx 6/30/04 5:53 PM Page 3 Vice Adm. H. Kent Hewitt (left), who directed landings in North Africa, Sicily, Salerno, and southern France, with Lt. Gen. Mark Clark...

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