The Indian Ocean Tsunami: The Global Response to a Natural Disaster

Index

305 Aceh Besar, 13, 51 Aceh city, 13, 26, 51, 58, 62, 63, 66, 74, 75, 290, 292 Aceh River, 13, 25, 51, 54, 63, 65, 66, 67 Aceh West Coast Road, 60, 63 Action Aid India (AAI), 196, 197, 207 role in tsunami relief, 198 Action for Food Production (AFPRO), 223 Adyar River, 103, 215 aid agencies and perception of victims’ needs, 23 See also specific organizations; nongovernmental organizations Al-Qaeda, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292 American Red Cross, 106, 206, 264, 276 Ampara district, Sri Lanka, 21, 238, 239, 254 Andaman and Nicobar Environmental Team, 19 Andaman Islands, 6, 7, 8, 15, 19, 113, 114 coastal ecosystem, 18 damage from tsunami, 8, 116 geomorphic changes in, 117 run-up of seawater in, 117–18 tsunamigenic sediments in, 119–23 Andaman Sea coast, 35, 43, 114, 174, 175, 177, 181 Andaman-Sumatra subduction zone, 113, 114 Asian Development Bank, 5, 20, 24, 27, 170, 247, 264, 265, 268, 269, 274 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 262, 266 need for cooperation within, 274 Banda Aceh coastal plain, 13–15, 51 brothels in, 289 destruction in, 52–54 inundation heights, 54–56 landforms and tsunami flow in, 57 recovery and rehabilitation in, 61–62 zones of damage, 54 Bangladesh, 7 Bhumika, 185 British Red Cross, 264 Calang, 58–59, 60, 63 CARE, 185, 264, 272 Caritas India, 222 Car Nicobar, 4 population of, 18 run-up levels in, 118 Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India, 222 Catholic Relief Services, 185, 222, 264 Chennai, 2, 15, 23, 25, 66, 67, 80, 89, 103, 116, 119, 125, 196, 197, 203, 215, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 234 death toll in, 101 Chidambaram, 222 Chola dynasty, 106 Christianity, 26, 219, 231, 232, 233, 235 history in India, 224 miracles, 226 coastal development, 247–48, 258, 273 coastal geomorphology, 84, 111, 117 coastal landforms impact on tsunami inundation, 9–10 Coleroon River, 16, 71, 77, 102, 217 Colombo, 2, 20, 136, 137, 155, 237, 238, 239, 247, 250, 253, 254 Committee for Crisis Response, 286 Coovum River, 103 Index 306 Index coral islands, 128 tsunami effect on, 86–87, 130–31 coral reef mining, 8 coral reefs, 38, 114, 116, 273 as barriers, 68, 132 tsunami damage in Andaman, 123–24 tsunami damage in Maldives, 128–30, 133 tsunami damage in Sri Lanka, 241 tsunami damage in Thailand, 172 Cuddalore, 8, 16, 22, 66, 80, 88, 89, 94, 102, 183, 185 death toll in, 77, 101, 188 devastation in, 188 inequality in services, 199–201 inundation in, 104 NGOs relief in, 188–96 reconstruction efforts in, 195 recovery experience in, 196–97 shelters in, 190, 198–99 cyber crime, 293 Dalit Munnurimai Koottamaippu (DMK), 190, 197 Department of Science and Technology, India, 99, 124 Dewaan Dakwah Islam Indonesia (DDII), 286 Dhan Foundation, 185 disaster management, 261 administrative inefficiencies in, 256–58 building local and national capacity in, 267–69 governance issues in, 243 governance mechanisms in, 265 improving coordination in, 271–72 preparedness and education, 270–71 role of religious institutions in, 221, 223 ECHO, 185 environmental crime, 292 environmental impact of tsunami, 5, 6 in Andaman Islands, 19 in Banda Aceh, 13 in Maldives, 133 in Sri Lanka, 240–41 in Tamil Nadu, 70–77 Eurasian plate, 7 farmland and tsunami, 263 in Andaman Islands, 123 in Tamil Nadu, 218 in Thailand, 164, 172 FEMA, 206 fishing communities, 23, 26, 208, 215, 216, 227 fishing industry, 216, 217 fishing loss from tsunami, 17 in Banda Aceh, 54 in Cuddalore district, India, 188, 191, 192, 193, 199, 201, 204 in Maldives, 128 in Sri Lanka, 240, 241, 248, 250, 252, 253, 255, 257 in Tamil Nadu, India, 69, 83, 85, 224 in Thailand, 42, 164, 169, 171, 172, 175, 178 Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), 264 foreign tourists, 1–2, 164, 165, 173, 175, 176 Free Aceh Movement, 59, 268, 288 Fritz Institute, 187, 188 Gadillam River, 71 Galle, 21, 136, 239, 243, 247, 259 Gulf of Mannar, 68, 70, 80, 84, 102, 189 coral ecosystem of, 86 Human Rights Forum for Dalit Liberation, 197 Hyogo Framework for Action, 274–75 India coastal landscapes of, 7–8, 10 cultural factors in developing rehabilitation policy, 22 NGOs in, 183–87 plate, 7 reconstruction experience in, 27 role of religious organizations in, 22–23 southeastern coast, 15–18 Indian Air Force base, 4, 18 Indian Ocean Tsunami, 1, 4, 5, 6, 24, 88, 123, 127, 131, 133, 163, 181, 185, 210, 227, 261...