Ceramic Production in Early Hispanic California: Craft, Economy, and Trade on the Frontier of New Spain

List of Illustrations

Illustrations Figures 3.1. Map of New Spain indicating selected Spanish sites 25 3.2. Location of presidios and missions in Alta California 27 3.3. Map of general locations of contact period Native American culture/language groups 28 3.4. Ceramic vessel attributed to the Luiseño of southern California 31 3.5. Ceramic vessel attributed to southern Yokuts manufacture 37 4.1. Alta California jurisdictions and missions 44 5.1. A portion of the casco of Mission San Antonio de Padua, California 70 5.2. Section drawings of bowls Type B1–B3 77 5.3. Section drawings of bowls Type B4–B5 and pots and lids Type PL1–PL2 80 5.4. Section drawings of pots and jars Type PJ1–PJ5 83 5.5. Section drawings of pots and jars Type PJ6–PG8 and miscellaneous 86 5.6. Section drawings of wheel base Type WB1–WB4 and hand base Type HB1–HB2 88 x Illustrations 5.7. Section drawings of hand base Type HB3–HB5 and large base Type LB1–LB3 90 6.1. Throwing from the mound was one fabrication technique observed in the archaeologically recovered sherds 99 6.2. Base of a bowl or cup excavated at Mission San Antonio with marks indicating it was thrown from the mound 100 6.3. A bowl or cup excavated at Mission San Antonio 101 6.4. A “basket” form pot; wheel-thrown vessel recovered at Mission San Antonio 101 6.5. A shallow plate or bowl made using an anvil found at Mission Santa Clara 102 6.6. Wedging clay to remove air bubbles 104 6.7. Reproduction of the wheel-thrown basket vessel found at Mission San Antonio 106 6.8. Using an anvil to make a bowl 107 6.9. Replica shallow bowl made using an anvil 108 6.10. San Elizario Polychrome replica plate 110 6.11. Sagger with replica San Elizario Polychrome plate 111 6.12. Reproductions of the range of forms identified in the archaeological record 112 7.1. Cutaway view of a sagger with clavos and clay rods supporting glazed ceramics 117 7.2. Charles C. Pierce photograph of Santa Barbara Mission kiln (1871–1875) 118 7.3. Demonstration kiln at El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Park 121 7.4. Drawing of the Monterey Presidio (1791) by José Cardero 124 7.5. 1938 drawing of the tile kiln at the Santa Barbara Mission 125 7.6. Scale model of San Antonio Mission kiln with fired-tile arches 128 7.7. Interior of the pottery kiln at Mission La Purísima State Historic Park 129 Illustrations xi 7.8. Sketch and photograph of the Rancho San Marcos tile kiln 130 8.1. Manhattan Project scientists at Los Alamos, New Mexico 144 9.1. Map of mission and presidio sites and surrounding indigenous ethnolinguistic groups 154 9.2. Relative percentages of fine, medium, and coarse/very coarse inclusions in plain ware produced at El Presidio de San Francisco and Missions Santa Clara de Asís, San Juan Bautista, Carmel Borromeo del Río Carmel, and San Antonio de Padua 164 11.1. Base groups of pottery samples from Mission San Diego, San Juan Capistrano, and San Luis Rey 188 11.2. Projection of plain ware onto base groups of Figure 11.1 188 11.3 Tizon Brown Ware shown relative to base groups of Figure 11.1 189 11.4. Pottery sample groups from the Santa Barbara jurisdiction 193 11.5. Separation of Santa Barbara bricks, tiles, and plain ware 194 11.6. Bivariate plot of samples from Santa Barbara, La Purísima, and Santa Inés 195 11.7. Texture differences in ladrillo 195 11.8. Bivariate plot showing divergence of San Luis Obispo samples 199 11.9. Bivariate plot showing dispersion of ceramics of the Monterey jurisdiction 200 11.10. Bivariate plot of compositional groups for Monterey, Soledad, Carmel, and San Antonio 201 11.11. Bivariate plot showing dispersion of San Luis Obispo compositional subgroups 201 11.12. Bivariate plot comparing San Antonio and San Juan Bautista pottery to that from Monterey 202 11.13. Bivariate plot comparing compositional groups for Missions San Antonio, San Luis Obispo, and San Miguel 203 11.14. Bivariate plot of base groups for Mission Santa Clara 206 11.15. Bivariate plot of base groups for San Francisco 207 11.16. Bivariate plot of San Francisco 1 group relative to groups from San...