Death of a Suburban Dream: Race and Schools in Compton, California

Index

I N D E X AB 52 bill, 215, 217, 291n4 Abbott School, 58, 116 accountability policies, 172, 216, 219 Acosta-Gonzalez, Gilda, 122, 123, 133 Adams, city treasurer, 52 Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), 219, 220 aerospace industries, 97–98 affirmative action, 164–65, 166 African Americans. See blacks (African Americans) Aid for Dependent Children, 192 Alameda Auto Plaza, 151–52 Allen, Frank, 200–201 Allen, Fred, 197 Allen, Linda, 75, 118, 154, 176, 201, 208 Allen, Shirley, 212 Almanzan, Robert, 197 Alvarez, R. Michael, 200 American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 210–11, 217 American dream, 3 American Federation of Teachers, 135 American Legion, 15 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009), 220 “AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted” (Ice Cube album), 184 API scoring system, 219, 221 Arabian Prince (Mik Lezan), 182 Arellano, Jose, 199 Arroyo Seco School, 86 Ashton, Ruth, 15 Asians, 53, 123, 154, 155, 267n90 Atlanta, city, 94, 127 attendance zones, 61 auto dealers, 146 automobiles, prevalence of, 27 Average Daily Attendance (ADA), 35, 70, 136 Avila, Eric, 80, 271n57 Azusa, 28 Baldwin Hills, 110 Barrio-Logos (Homero Villa), 271n57 Barrows v. Jackson, 74, 83, 252n5, 254n54 barter activity, 29 Bell, Terrel, 172 Bell Gardens, 40 Belvedere, 47 Benjamin, Larry, 139 Beverly Hills, city of, 229 Bilingual Act (1968), 162 bilingual education, 148, 151, 162, 164, 198, 236n26 Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, 221 Billings, Harry, 36 black-Latino relations, 10, 151–52, 185–86, 287n59; gangs and, 218, 224; Los Angeles riot of 1992 and, 191; rocky state of, 159– 66; under state control of Compton Unified , 196–201, 213 Black Power, 113, 119, 120, 145 blacks (African Americans), 2, 10, 60–61, 100–101, 229; baseball and, 227; California ’s attraction for, 104; covenants restricting settlement by, 28; denied access to jobs, 90, 91–92; employed in war plants, 53; graduation rates, 173–74; housing opportunities sought by, 45; law-and-order campaign in black community, 131–32; life in black communities, 90–91; as mayors of American cities, 8, 235n21; middle-class, 8, 75, 111, 130; migration from South, 50; 298 Index blacks (African Americans (cont.)) migration into suburbs blocked, 41; in Orange County, 98; in Palm Lane homes, 52; in Pasadena, 85; as percentage of Compton population, 12, 103, 188; police chiefs, 143; political power gained by, 101, 119–22; poor, 8; population centers in Los Angeles, 45; population shift to Compton, 7–8; in public-sector employment, 151, 159, 160–61; racial barrier tested by, 74– 76; school district unification fight and, 69–70; state takeover of Compton Unified and, 196; suburban dream and, 6, 73–74, 105, 107; urban uprisings/riots of 1960s and, 108; working-class, 104 “blue flu,” 179 Borek, Catherine, 225–26 Bosch, Father Stan, 218, 225 Boyz n the Hood (movie, 1991), 9, 229 “Boyz-n-the-Hood” (NWA rap), 182–83 Bradley, Omar, 75, 83, 196–97; arrested on corruption charges, 296n76; police department dissolved by, 225, 227; on Proposition 187, 200; state control opposed by, 212; on unity in black neighborhoods, 90 Bradley, Tom, 189–90, 196 Bradley-Jordan, Carol, 212 Bridgeport, Connecticut, 229 Brill, Alida, 95, 185 Brilliant, Mark, 162 Brokers Protective Committee, 78 Brookings Institution, 11 Brown, Gov. Edmund “Pat,” 98, 109, 113 Brown v. Board of Education, 70, 86, 162, 255n67 Bulletin. See Compton Bulletin (newspaper) Bunche, Ralph J., 71, 87–88 Burbank, Luke, 224, 225 Burchfield, William “Shorty,” 29 bureaucracies, 66 Bursch, Charles, 56 Bush, George H. W., 189–90 Bush, George W., 219 bus lines, 46 Butterfield, Tara L., 200 Cade, Lionel, 146, 153 California: Constitution (1879), 22, 147, 148; earthquake relief help from, 32; “education boom” in, 248n86; land boom in Southern California, 17; municipalities classed as cities, 4; population expansion, 43; recession , 199, 201, 228; State Board of Education , 22, 86; State Department of Motor Vehicles, 47; state legislature, 25, 37, 102, 147–48, 172. See also Department of Education , California California Basic Educational Skills Test, 174 California Distinguished School designation, 220, 294n31 California Eagle (newspaper), 73, 77–78, 154; cartoon against race hate, 81, 82; series on Compton housing battles, 79–80 California Taxpayers’ Association, 69 California Teachers Association (CTA), 134 California Voting Rights Act (2001), 227 Cargille, Rae, 89–90 Carillo, Juan, 196 Carson (suburb), 111, 121, 140 Carter, Jacqueline, 180 Carver Elementary School, 171 Carver Manor homes, 62 Caughey, LaRee, 34 Celerity Educational Group, 221, 223 Centennial High School, 67, 76, 92; as allblack school, 89; graduation rates, 173, 280n97; integration of, 84; loss of accreditation , 218...