Index
Index Abbasid era, 48, 238, 239 Abdalla, Ismail Sabri, 171–72, 175–76, 178 Abu Bakr, 57 Abu Hanifah, 239 Afghanistan, 111, 239; 2001 invasion, 9 African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights (1981), 14, 234 ahl al-kitab, 55, 153 Aina, Tade Akin, 209 Aladura, 210 Algeria, 148, 299, 300 Ali, Ayaan Hirsi, 306 al-fitna al-kubra, 58 al ilmaniya, 151. See also secularism al-Qaida, 24 al-Sanhuri, Abd al-Razzaq, 242 al-Shafiʿi, Imam, 61, 146, 239. See also Shafiʿi school al-Shaybani, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, 49 Álvarez del Vayo, Julio, 295 Amawy dynasty, 147 American Revolution, 291 Amnesty International, 14, 235, 321 Anaya, James, 216 Anderson, James, 48 antiglobalization movement, 25 apostasy, 113, 154, 157, 216 Arab educational systems, 175–76 Arab-Israeli conflict, 149 Arnold, Terrell, 38–39 Asad, Talal, 211 ashura, 59 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 22 atomic warfare, 50 Australia, 81, 224 awliya, 52, 331 Bartholomew, Craig, 212 Beidelman, Thomas O., 212 Belgium, 299 Benedict, Ruth, 69, 322 best interests of the child, 161, 163, 168–69, 176–79, 181 Berlin Conference, 208 Berman, Harold J., 223–28, 236, 244–46 bin Laden, Osama, 24 Bodin, Jean, 290 Bosnia, 150, 299, 301, 310 Bozeman, Adda, 75 Burke, Edmund, 104 Bush, George W., 10 Byzantine Empire, 50 capacity building, 4 Chabal, Patrick, 208 Chang Peng-Chung, 81, 82 child abuse, 162 child labor, 164, 172–73, 176, 178–79 Chile, 81 China, 76, 80–82, 224, 292 Christian Democratic Union (Germany), 307, 310 Christian Reformed Ecumenical Council, 187 Christianity, 52, 55, 57, 90, 153, 183, 188, 200, 203, 210–13, 245–46, 251, 268–71, 290, 292, 333 citizenship, 11; distinctions, 8–9; effects of colonization on, 21; evolution of, 288–92; Islam and, 153, 157, 216, 274; rights of, 15, 17, 20, 233, 234, 254, 275–76, 284–88. See also layered citizenship civil rights, 21–24, 261, 286–87, 296, 311–12 Clark, Christopher, 203 370 Index Clarke, Charles, 307 clash of civilizations, 226, 238 Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials (1979), 109 colonialism, 116, 138, 195, 208, 211, 225, 236, 243, 245, 257, 276, 284, 291, 303. See also postcolonialism Comaroff, Jean and John, 211 Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CENSAD ), 22 Complaint of Peace (Erasmus), 292 Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984), 110, 324, 334 Convention on the Rights of the Child, 161–65, 169–70, 176, 179, 334 corporal punishment. See punishment cosmopolitan justice, 227, 229–30, 236–37, 245 Coulson, Noel, 47–48 Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 82, 108 Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 82, 231, 320, 334 cross-cultural evaluations, 75 cross-cultural legitimacy, 97, 99, 128, 330 Cruce, Emeric, 21, 292 cultural diversity, 99–100, 166, 179, 227 cultural dynamics, 67, 70, 86, 90, 91 cultural engineering, 93 cultural evolutionism, 72 cultural imperialism, 75, 83, 116, 130, 195, 234, 266 cultural legitimacy, 31, 65–71, 100, 106, 330; and Universal Declaration, 75; cultural relativism and, 72; concerns and criticism of, 79, 83, 84; definition of, 88, 91; development of, 77, 78, 80, 83; human rights and, 92–95, 115, 125–28, 195; Islam and, 87–89, 91 cultural relativism, 72–75, 102–4 cultural sensitivity, 93 culture: change, 139; definition of, 67–73, 100; deviancy and, 70–71, 138; elements of, 100, 105; habits, 70, 91–92; human rights and, 66, 74–77, 81, 85, 125–28; morality and, 103–5; norms, 90–93, 98, 128; regional, 68; religion and, 15; source, 125; Universal Declaration and, 82 customary law. See religious and customary law Danish People’s Party , 307 dar al-harb, 58 dar al-Islam, 57–58 darura, 49, 148 Declaration of Independence (U.S.), 8, 233, 291 Declaration of the Rights and Liberties of the Subject (Britain), 291 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (France), 82 dhimma, 56–57 Diogenes the Cynic, 21, 292 Donnelly, Jack, 74 due process, 9, 11–12, 20, 233, 256, 273, 286 economic rights, 261 economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR), 6, 7, 82, 86, 215, 219, 231, 261, 273, 320 Egypt, 62, 80, 111, 122–23, 148, 154, 242, 299 Egyptian Civil Code (1948), 242 ethical relativism, 72 Ethiopia, 21, 80, 292 ethnocentricity , 73, 75–76, 100–102, 116, 134, 236–37 European Commission and Court of Human Rights, 108 European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms , 108, 334 European Monitoring Centre...
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