Index
ActionAid, 15, 108, 120–22, 154 Alston, Philip, 36, 52, 73, 172 n.60 Amnesty International, 3, 143–44; expanding their mandate, 3, 14, 21, 31–39, 132, 138; as a gatekeeper of human rights, 24, 32; Global Campaign for Human Dignity, 34, 67, 143–44; and grassroots methodologies, 34, 67, 170 n.36; International Council Meetings (ICMs), 33–34, 40; and legal approaches to rights, 42–43, 103, 138; and Secretary General Pierre Sane, 39 Anderson, Carol, 74–75 Annan, Kofi, 107 antiglobalization movement, 39, 75, 101–2 Asociacion Pro Derechos Humanos (APRODEH ), 38, 144 Association for Women’s Rights in Development , 119, 154 Balkin, Jack, 95–96 Bank Information Center, 73–74, 150 Baxi, Upendra, 62, 175 n.113 bilateral aid agencies, 109, 117–18 Bob, Clifford, 24, 73 Border Network for Human Rights, 81, 83, 150 Bread for the World, 73, 76–77, 88, 91, 150, 161 n.21 budget analysis and ESCRs, 10, 40, 57–58, 121 Bush (George W.) administration, 58, 62, 141 CARE International, 3, 15, 104–5, 108, 114–15, 119–20, 126, 137, 154 Carter administration, 8, 51, 162 n.26 case law on ESCRs, 45–46; and courts’ reluctance to hear ESCR cases, 48–50, 94–96; Grootboom v. Oostenberg Municipality, 45–46, 49; inability to address systemic issues, 49–50, 56, 59, 128; and negative obligations, 50, 56; People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) v. India, 45; and the reasonableness standard, 45–46, 174 n.103; Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) v. Minister of Health, 46. See also legal approaches to rights Catholic Relief Services (CRS), 111–12, 115 Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR), 32, 67, 147 Center for Economic Justice (CEJ), 14, 73–74, 90 Center of Concern, 73–74, 151 Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE), 32, 147 Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales (CELS), 38, 144 Christian Aid, 109, 120, 154 civil and political rights (CPRs): and justiciability 4–13, 18, 26–27, 131, 134–35; moral approaches to, 28, 137–39; relationship to ESCRs, ix, 4–13, 18, 26–27, 31–38, 44–48, 131; taken-for-granted status, 53, 60, 162 n.35 Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW), 74, 151 Coalition to Protect Public Housing, 74 Cold War, ix, 2, 108, 170 n.36; end of, 37–38, 51, 75, 132; and fear of communism in the West, 36–38, 62, 74–75; and interpretations of rights, 8–10, 17, 23, 36–38, 51, 139–40 Concern Worldwide, 116, 120, 155 constitutions: European Social Charter, 44, 145; in Northern Ireland, 44–45; in South Africa, 44–49; in the United States, 83, 95–96, 139–41, 176 n.143 Index 12771-Freedom from Poverty.indd 213 12771-Freedom from Poverty.indd 213 3/11/10 10:52:25 AM 3/11/10 10:52:25 AM 214 Index constructivism, 10, 13, 19–24, 30, 163 n.38; and debate with rationalism, 19–21 Cox, Larry, 53, 103 development as a technical vs. political process , 15, 61–65, 105, 122–25, 130 distributional justice, 58, 65, 91–94 Dochas, 109 downward accountability in development work, 126–27 economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs): legal status in relation to CPRs, ix, 4–13, 18, 26–27, 31–38, 44–48, 131, 161 n.24; right to food, 33, 47, 51, 148, 177 n.163; Right to Food resolution, 76, 150; right to health, 34, 81, 100, 144–46, 149, 151, 187 n.98; right to housing, 34, 45–47, 49, 51, 77–79, 138, 147–57; seen as a threat to CPRs, 23; U.S. approach to, 35–37, 50–53, 98–101. See also civil and political rights Ecumenical Program on Central America (EPICA), 80, 90 empowerment as a goal of development, 15, 114–16, 121–27 equality, varying definitions of, 91–94 faith-based organizations, 76–77, 88, 111 Farmer, Paul, 73, 81–82, 87–88, 125, 187 n.104 Food First Information and Action Network (FIAN), 32–33, 46–47, 74, 148 Ford Foundation, 24, 39–40, 65, 76–77, 82, 159 n.3 framing strategies, ix–x, 2–3, 14, 22–24, 30, 52–53, 60, 69, 73–76, 83–100, 111, 129–39; definition, 166 n.28. See also rhetoric full spectrum approach, 1, 33–34, 143 G8 conference, 99 gatekeepers of human rights, xi, 24, 32–36, 78–79 Glendon, Mary Ann, 83–84, 102–3, Habitat International Coalition, 36, 156 Honkala, Cheri, 81, 97 humanitarian NGOs, x...
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