Making Modernism Soviet: The Russian Avant-Garde in the Early Soviet Era, 1918-1928

Index

 Agitational Trains, 45, 46 Akhmatova, Anna, 128n17 AKhRR (Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia), xv, 29, 85, 87, 100, 127n1, 127n3 All-Russia Conference of Art Teachers and Students 1920, 45, 47 All-Union Council on the National Economy. See VSNKh (All-Union Council on the National Economy) Al’tman, Natan, xvii, 73, 105, 110n8, 123n10 Andreev, A., 76 Arkhipov, Abram, 11 art: classicism, 57; constructivism, 19, 20; decorations, 49–50; demographics of art institutions, 63–64; didactic realism, 29; impressionism, 11, 57; nationalization of private galleries, 114n112; neoclassicism, 57; posters, 50, 52, 53, 60; postimpressionism , 11; representational art, 11, 22, 23, 29, 57; Socialist Realism, xxiii, 100, 105, 127n3; transformational realism, 12. See also modernist art Art (journal), 58, 59 artistic culture: publications about, 8; terminology , 8 Artistic Life (journal), 12 Art of the Commune (newspaper), 38 Art-Practical Institute, 63 Art Workers’ Union 1919–1924. See RABIS (Art Workers’ Union 1919–1924) Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia . See AKhRR (Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia) Astrakhan’ (branch of Moscow Museum of Painterly Culture), 10 avant-garde, 104, 128n18; involvement in Soviet cultural apparatus, xvii; terminology , xx, 109n18. See also modernist art Babichev, Alexei, 19 Benois, Alexandre, 72, 111n24 Board of Seven, 5 Boguslavskaya, Ksenia, 39 Bolshevism: civic society, xxiii; festivals, xviii, 5, 49; incentives to artists, 4 (see also patronage, state); museology, 20– 21; pedagogical system, xxii, 53–57; rhetoric, xviii, 19–20, 42, 74–75 (see also discourse); symbiotic relationship with modernist artists, xvii, xviii, 4–5, 36, 38, 42, 43, 75, 82, 99–106 Brazer, Abram, 40, 69 Brik, Osip, 9 Bruni, Lev, 72, 76 Bulletin (periodical), 64 Bürger, Peter, 104 centralization of culture, xvii, 14–15, 57, 62. See also sovietization of culture Cézanne, Paul, 61 Chagall, Marc, xix, 37, 72, 116n7, 117n31; association with People’s School of Art, 38–40 Chashnik, Ilya, 52 Chekhonin, Sergei, 72, 110n8, 110n13 Cheptsov, Ivan, 11 Chernyshev,Tikhon, 87 Chirico, Giorgio de, 101, 127–28n8 civic society, xxiii Committee for the Experimental Study of Artistic Culture, 96 Committee for the Struggle Against Unemployment , 49 Communist Party: Ninth Party Congress, 50–51; Eleventh Party Congress, 46, 57; communist leaders in IZO, 13, 85; democratic centralism, 57; party card, 42; questionnaires, 42–43; regulations, 43–44; unified arts policy, 49; War Communism , 49, 119n60 Constructivism, 19, 20, 66; First Working Group of Constructivism, 19 Council of People’s Commissars. See Sovnarkom (Council of People’s Commissars) coup: terminology, 117n31 Index  index Creativity (journal), 12, 16 criticism, 5–7, 11, 12, 16, 57–61, 81; antireligious rhetoric, 93, 126n96; patronage and, 101 cultural revolution, 101; avant-garde and, xvii Decorative Arts Institute, 92–93, 94, 126n92 demographics of art institutions, 63–64 Denisov, Vladimir Alekseevich, 123n14 Department of Art Education. See OKhOBR (Department of Art Education) Department of Fine Arts. See IZO (Department of Fine Arts) didactic realism, 29 discourse: anti-religious rhetoric, 93, 126n96; Bolshevik, 42; “long live” slogan, 45, 48; military, 49; production propaganda, 50– 53; Soviet life, xviii, 45; Soviet rhetoric, xviii, 19–20, 41; technology, 21, 41, 50, 59 Dobuzhinsky, Mstislav, 39, 72, 117n31 Douglas, Charlotte, xxiii, 29, 93, 101, 125n70, 127–28n8, 127n6 Drevin, Alexander, 7, 10, 11, 105 Dymshits-Tolstaya, Sophia, 5, 39; genesis of Moscow Museum of Painterly Culture, 5–6 Efros, Abram, 9, 26 Ender, Boris, 94, 96, 99 Ender, Maria, 96 Ermolaeva, Vera, xxi, 37, 39, 54, 64–65, 66– 67, 78, 94–95, 96, 99, 105; execution of, 128n15 Fal’k, Robert, 5, 30, 31, 40, 57, 66, 67 Fedorov-Davydov, Alexei, 33, 34 Filonov, Pavel, 78 First Discussional Exhibition, 32 Fitzpatrick, Sheila, xix Five-Year Plan, 101 Formalists: terminology, xx, 109n19 Free Art Studios. See SVOMAS (Free Art Studios) Friche, Viktor, 12 “Front Week,” 49 Futurists, 5, 7, 14, 45, 65, 68; Russian vs. Italian , 108–9n17; terminology, xx GAKhN (State Academy of Artistic Research ), xv, 83, 84, 127n4 Gan, Alexei, 19 Gavris, Ivan, 67, 68, 118n46 GIII (State Institute of the History of Art), xv, 96, 99 Ginger, Grigorii, 93, 94 GINKhUK (State Institute of Artistic Culture ), xv, xxii, 79, 81–97, 81–97 passim, 90 administration, 96; finances, 88, 90, 94, 95; personnel problems, 88 demise of, 88–97; criticisms, 93, 104 location, 90 mission: excursions, 92; materialist approach to art, 84; research mission, 82 organization, 83, 88–89, 96; departments, 88, 90–92, 91, 92, 96; FormalTheoretical Department, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90; transition from Petrograd Museum of Artistic Culture, 73 Glaviskusstvo (Main...