Flowering Plants: Smartweeds to Hazelnuts

Glossary

267 GLOSSARY Abaxial. Referring to the lower surface of a leaf. Achene. A type of one-seeded, dry, indehiscent fruit with the seed coat not attached to the mature ovary wall. Actinomorphic. Having radial symmetry; regular, in reference to a flower. Acuminate. Gradually tapering to a point. Acute. Sharply tapering to a point. Adnate. Union of two unlike parts. Ament. A spike of unisexual, apetalous flowers; a catkin. Annual. Living only for one year. Apical. At the apex, or tip. Apomictic. Referring to plants produced without fertilization. Appressed. Lying flat against the surface. Bitegmic. Said of an ovule that has two integuments, or coats. Bract. An accessory structure at the base of some flowers, usually appearing leaflike. Bracteate. Bearing a bract. Bulbous. Swollen. Caducous. Falling away very early. Calyx. The outermost group of structures of a flower, composed of sepals. Capsule. A dry, dehiscent fruit composed of more than one carpel. Carpel. A simple pistil, or one member of a compound pistil. Carpellate. Possessing carpels. Catkin. A cluster of sessile, apetalous, unisexual flowers; an ament. Cilia. Marginal hairs. Ciliate. Bearing cilia. Cleistogamous. Hidden. Compressed. Flattened. Concentric. With symmetrical rings. Cordate. Heart-shaped. Coriaceous. Leathery. Crenate. Round-toothed. Crenulate. Bearing small, round teeth. Crisped. Curled. Cucullate. With a hood. Cuneate. Wedge-shaped or tapering at the base. Cupule. A small cup. Cuspidate. Terminating in a very short point. Cylindrical. Formed into a cylinder . Deciduous. Falling away. Decumbent. Lying flat, but with the tip ascending. Deltoid. Triangular. Dentate. With sharp teeth, the tips of which project outward. Denticulate. With small, sharp teeth, the tips of which project outward . 268 / smartweeds to hazelnuts Dimorphic. Occurring in two forms. Dioecious. With staminate flowers on one plant, pistillate flowers on another. Divergent. Spreading apart. Eglandular. Without glands. Ellipsoid. Referring to a solid object that is broadest at the middle, gradually tapering to both ends. Elliptic. Broadest at middle, gradually tapering to both ends. Endosperm. Food-storage tissue in the seed. Entire. Without teeth. Exserted. Projected beyond. Falcate. Sickle-shaped. Fascicle. Cluster. Fibrous. Referring to roots borne in tufts. Filiform. .Threadlike. Fissured. With narrow splits, or cracks. Fluted. Having long, round grooves. Foliaceous. Leafy. Furrowed. With long, narrow grooves. Glabrate. Becoming smooth. Glabrous. Without hairs. Glaucous. With a whitish covering that can be rubbed off. Globose. Round, globular. Grain. A wartlike structure borne on the fruit of certain Rumex species. Granular. Having a grainy appearance . Half-inferior. Said of an ovary which is partly embedded in the receptacle . Hastate. Spear-shaped. Hemispheric. Half-round. Hirsute. With stiff hairs. Hispid. With short rigid hairs. Hoary. Grayish white. Imbricate. Overlapping. Indurated. Hardened. Inferior. Referring to the position of the ovary when it is surrounded by the adnate portion of the floral tube or is embedded in the receptacle. Inflorescence. A cluster of flowers. Involucre. A circle of bracts that subtends a flower cluster. Keeled. Bearing a ridgelike process. Laciniate. Divided into narrow , pointed divisions. Lamina. The blade of a leaf. Lanceolate. Lance-shaped; broadest near base; gradually tapering to the narrower apex. Lanceoloid. Referring to a solid object that is broadest near base, gradually tapering to the narrower apex. Lenticel. Corky openings on bark of twigs and branches. Lenticellate. Bearing lenticels. Lenticular. Lens-shaped. Linear. Narrowly elongated and uniform in width throughout. Locular. Referring to the 10cule , or cavity of the ovary or the anther. Locule. The cavity of an ovary or an anther. Lustrous. Shiny. Marginate. Having a narrow winglike border. Dimorphic-Pyramidal / 269 Membranaceous. Transparent. Monoecious. Having separate staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant. Mucronate. Possessing a short, abrupt tip. Multiradiate. With several rays. Nerve. Vein. Node. The place on the stem from which leaves and branchlets arise. Nut. A hard, dry, I-seeded, indehiscent fruit. Nutlet. A small nut. Oblanceolate. Reverse lanceshaped ; broadest at apex, gradually tapering to narrow base. Oblique. Asymmetrical. Oblong. Broadest at the middle , and tapering to both ends, but broader than elliptic. Oblongoid. Referring to a solid object that, in side view, is nearly the same width throughout. Obovate. Broadly rounded at apex, becoming narrowed below; broader than oblanceolate. Obovoid. Referring to a solid object that is broadly rounded at the apex, becoming narrowed below . Obtuse. Rounded at the apex. Ocrea (pI. ocreae). A sheathing stipule, often tubular. Ocreate. Bearing an ocrea, or sheath. Ocreola (pI. ocreolae). A secondary , usually tubular, sheath. Orbicular. Round. Oval. Broadly elliptic. Ovary. The lower swollen part of the pistil that produces...