A Culture of Everyday Credit: Housekeeping, Pawnbroking, and Governance in Mexico City, 1750-1920

Tables

tables 1.1. Female Household Heads in Cuartel 9 Sample, Mexico City, 1811 Census 33 1.2. Household Goods in Pawning Transactions, 1787–1830 39 2.1. Principal Balance of Monte de Piedad, 1802 71 2.2. Type, Average Sale Price, and Customer Gender of Auctioned Goods at Monte de Piedad, 1802 74 3.1. Dowries Provided to Women, Mexico City, 1838–55 97 3.2. Household Goods in Pawn, 1867–80 105 4.1. Transition from Retail to Empeño on the Corner of Peredo Bridge and Plazuela de San Juan 117 4.2. New Empeños Established and Bonded, 1842–43 119 4.3. Interest Rate on One-Peso Loan, Based on Schedule in 1842 Empeño Law 125 4.4. Municipal Contributions Payable by Class of Empeño, 1867 129 4.5. Changes in Ownership of Casas de Empeño, 1842–79 135 4.6. Loan Average, Total Lent, and Total Appraisal for Pawned Goods 137 4.7. Operations in the Monte de Piedad, January 1875 146 5.1. Population by Civil Status, Federal District, 1895 and 1910 157 5.2. Distribution of Middle-Class and Working-Class Occupations, Federal District Censuses, 1895 and 1910 158 5.3. Housekeeping in the Federal District, 1895 and 1910 Census 168 5.4. Household Goods in Pawn, 1902–9 178 6.1. Multiple Pawnshop Ownership during Porfiriato 194 6.2. Longevity of Pawnshop Ownership 197 6.3. Longevity of Empeño Business Location 199 6.4. Taxation on Empeño Business Volume in Pesos, December 1901 200 6.5. Vergara Empeño Daily Business Volume, May 1902 201 viii Illustrations 6.6. Volume of Business at Cartagena Casa de Empeño, Adela Noriega, Owner, 1908 204 6.7. Capital Balance at Monte de Piedad 207 6.8. Volume of Business at Monte de Piedad, 1875–1904 210 6.9. Volume of Business at Montepío Luz Saviñón, December 1908–June 1909 212 7.1. Household Goods in Pawn, 1914–21 249 Appendix 1. Collateral Transactions Data A. Breakdown of Pawned-Good Database from Inventories by Business, 1787–1921 274 B. Categories of Goods in Pawning Transactions, 1787–1830 277 C. Categories of Goods in Pawning Transactions, 1867–80 280 D. Categories of Goods in Pawning Transactions, 1902–9 283 E. Categories of Goods in Pawning Transactions, 1915–21 285 F. Categories of Pawned Goods in Samples Compared 288 G. Collateral Values of Goods in Retail Pawnshops, 1787–1825 289 H. Repeat Pawning Customers by Gender 290 I. Comparative Collateral Loans, 1818–1915 291 Appendix 2. Pawnbroker Data A. Store Profits, Net Worth, and Active Pawn Investment, 1785–1823 294 B. Retail Stores in Continuous Operation with Continuous or Changing Ownership, 1781–1843 296 C. Census Stores with Continuous Ownership in the Family 297 D. Salary Increase, Monte de Piedad Employees, 1826 298 E. Volume of Pawning and Redeeming at Monte de Piedad, 1775–1887 299 F. Limosnas and Loans at the Monte de Piedad, 1802 301 G. Disposition of Prendas Cumplidas at the Monte de Piedad, 1802 302 H. Casas de Empeño in Locations Formerly Retail, 1840–78 303 I. Casa de Empeño Database, 1836–1915 304 Tables ix J. Retail Establishments Complying with the 1842 Casa de Empeño Bond Requirement 305 K. Entrepreneurs in Both Retail and Pawning, 1854 305 L. National Monte de Piedad Directors, 1775–1924 306 M. Porfirian Empeños in Traditional Retail or Pawning Locations 307 N. New Empeño Locations, 1870s–1910 308 O. Changes in Ownership of Porfirian Pawnshops 310 P. Demasías Deposited by Pawnbrokers, 1877–79 315 Q. Collateral-Credit Interest Rates Compared, 1758–1920 316 Appendix 3. Census Data A. Mexico City’s Population 318 B. Cuartel 9, Mexico City, 1811 Census 318 C. Cuartel 9 Sample, Mexico City, 1811 Census 319 D. Widows in Cuartel 9 Sample, Mexico City, 1811 Census 319 E. Household Heads in Cuartel 9 Sample 320 F. Servants Living in Cuartel 9 Sample Households, Mexico City, 1811 Census 321 G. Households with Servants in Cuartel 9 Sample, Mexico City, 1811 Census 322 H. Ethnicity and Marital Status of Male Merchants, Mexico City, 1811 Census 323 I. Distribution of Middle-Class Occupations, Federal District, 1895 Census 324 J. Distribution of Middle-Class Occupations, Federal District, 1910 Census 325 K. Distribution of Working-Class Occupations, Federal District, 1895 Census 326 L. Distribution of Working-Class Occupations, Federal...