The Shattering of the Self: Violence, Subjectivity, and Early Modern Texts

Notes

t q Notes When quoting early texts, I have in some instances silently normalized u/v and i/j. Works frequently cited are indicated in the text and notes by the following abbreviations : BPP Sigmund Freud. “Beyond the Pleasure Principle.” SE, vol. 18. Child Sigmund Freud. “A Child Is Being Beaten.” SE, vol. 17. Civilization Sigmund Freud. Civilization and Its Discontents. SE, vol. 21. Coldness Gilles Deleuze. “Coldness and Cruelty.” Masochism. New York: Zone, 1989. Écrits Jacques Lacan. Écrits: A Selection, trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Norton, 1977. EPM Sigmund Freud. “The Economic Problem of Masochism.” SE, vol. 19. Four Concepts Jacques Lacan. The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-analysis, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Norton, 1978. Freudian Body Leo Bersani. The Freudian Body: Psychoanalysis and Art. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1986. Freudian Subject Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen. The Freudian Subject, trans. Catherine Porter. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press, 1988. Instincts Sigmund Freud. “Instincts and Their Vicissitudes.” SE, vol. 14. Life and Death Jean Laplanche. Life and Death in Psychoanalysis, trans. Jeffrey Mehlman. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1976. Norton William Shakespeare. The Norton Shakespeare: Based on the Oxford Edition, ed. Stephen Greenblatt et al. New York: Norton, 1997. Quotations from Shakespeare’s works follow this edition except where otherwise noted. SE Sigmund Freud. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, trans. James Strachey. 24 vols. London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1953–74. Seminar I Jacques Lacan. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book I: Freud’s Papers on Technique, 1953–1954, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. John Forrester. New York: Norton, 1991. Seminar II Jacques Lacan. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book II: The Ego in Freud’s Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, 1954–1955, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. Sylvana Tomaselli. New York: Norton, 1991. Seminar VII Jacques Lacan. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book VII: The Ethics of Psychoanalysis, 1959–1960, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. Dennis Porter. New York: Norton, 1992. Seminar XX Jacques Lacan. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan. Book XX: Encore, 1972– 1973, On Feminine Sexuality, The Limits of Love and Knowledge, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. Bruce Fink. New York: Norton, 1998. Three Essays Sigmund Freud. “Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality.” SE, vol. 7. ntroduction 1. Stephen Booth, King Lear, Macbeth, Indefinition, and Tragedy (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1983), 5; Michael Goldman, Shakespeare and the Energies of Drama (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1972), 94–108, and Acting and Action in Shakespearean Tragedy (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1985), 71–93. 2. Frank Kermode, The Sense of an Ending: Studies in the Theory of Fiction (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1967), 67–89. See also Kermode’s Introduction to King Lear in The Riverside Shakespeare, ed. G. Blakemore Evans et al. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974), 1249–54. 3. Quotations from Lear follow the text of The Tragedy of King Lear in Norton. 4. For an example of how ahistorical formalism glosses over violence, we might note C. S. Lewis’s comments on Christopher Marlowe’s “Hero and Leander.” Of the moment when Leander makes his way into Hero’s bedroom with a love “not ful of pittie . . . But deaffe and cruell,” so that Hero “trembling strove” with (or against) him, Lewis comments that the poem’s lack of tenderness serves to “dehumanize” t 164 q Notes to Pages 1–5 and thus “disinfect” its eroticism (Christopher Marlowe, “Hero and Leander,” in Elizabethan Minor Epics, ed. Elizabeth Story Donno [New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1963], 2:287–88, 291 [p. 68]; C. S. Lewis, English Literature in the Sixteenth Century, Excluding Drama [New York: Oxford, 1954], 487). 5. Because my focus is on the experience of the reader or viewer, I will not be arguing that individual authors or characters exhibit a wish for self-negation. For a recent example of character analysis in terms of sadomasochism, see Roberto SpezialeBagliacca , The King and the Adulteress: A Psychoanalytic and Literary Reinterpretation of Madame Bovary and King Lear, ed. Colin Rice (Durham: Duke Univ. Press, 1998). 6. Slavoj ±Zi°zek, The Metastases of Enjoyment: Six Essays on Women and Causality (London : Verso, 1994), 89. 7. Joel Fineman, Shakespeare’s Perjured Eye: The Invention of Poetic Subjectivity in the Sonnets (Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 1986), 46. 8. John K. Noyes, The Mastery of Submission: Inventions of Masochism...