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xi acknowled gments It is a great pleasure to thank the institutions and individuals whose support has made this project possible. The Yale University Graduate School, Andrew Mellon Foundation, Jacob K. Javits Fellowship, International Research and Exchanges Board, Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad Program, and Mrs. Giles R. Whiting Foundation funded my graduate education and the researching and writing of this book. Funding from Columbia University’s Harriman Institute, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research enabled me to expand the scope of my original project and to conduct new archival research. I am extremely grateful to the Department of History and the Social Sciences Division at the University of Chicago for permitting me to defer my arrival on campus by a year, which provided the precious time that I needed to complete the first draft of the manuscript. The views expressed in this book are my own and do not reflect the opinions of any of the institutions that have so generously supported me. I owe my greatest intellectual and professional debt to Laura Engelstein, who convinced me as a shy and hesitant college junior that I had a future as an historian; appropriately enough, in the years that ensued she helped me to realize that goal. I will always be grateful for the generosity that she has shown me over the years and for the support that she has offered at critical junctures. Paul Bushkovitch is the patron saint of this project: he encouraged me to undertake it in the first place, understood the contribution that I could make long before I did, and provided the unstinting encouragement that I needed to make it to the finish line. I also thank Timothy Snyder, Ute Frevert, and Keith Darden for the help and constructive critiques that they provided along the way. I am grateful to Yuri Slezkine, Nancy Shields Kollmann, and Robert Wessling for making it possible for me to spend two and a half years of my graduate career in the Bay Area—time that turned out to be as productive as it was happy. My experience in California was greatly enriched by Irina Paperno, who was always willing to talk through complicated ideas, and John Connelly, who has generously offered me wise counsel and encouragement over the years. Many colleagues offered logistical help and valuable feedback as I conceptualized my project, carried out my research, and drafted the manuscript. Olena Betliy, Heather Coleman, Robert Crews, Mikhail Dolbilov, Mayhill Fowler, Francine Hirsch, xii A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s Rebecca Kobrin, Boris Kolonitskii, Stephen Kotkin, Eric Lohr, Olga Matich, Serhii Plokhy, Kristin Roth-Ey, Ron Suny, and Mark von Hagen deserve special thanks. I am also very grateful to the hard-working librarians and archivists from California to Ukraine who assisted me as I conducted my research; I am particularly appreciative to Irina Lukka and the rest of the remarkable staff at the National Library of Finland’s Slavonic Library. I feel fortunate to have landed at the University of Chicago, where my colleagues have created a friendly, supportive, and intellectually stimulating environment. I am especially grateful to Leora Auslander, Sheila Fitzpatrick, Michael Geyer,andTaraZahrafortheirgenerousfeedbackandencouragement.PeterHolquist and Theodore Weeks were exemplary “anonymous” reviewers, and their suggestions improved this work immeasurably. Many thanks to Anna Sukhorova, Yegor Stadny, Natalie Belsky, Rachel Koroloff, and Patryk Reid for helping me tie up loose ends in the final stages of researching this project; to Nicholas Levy for painstakingly checking the citations and assisting with the editing; to Kelsey Norris for preparing the bibliography; and to Chieko Maene for designing the maps. It has been a pleasure to work with the entire staff at Cornell University Press. I am especially grateful to my editor, John G. Ackerman, for his enthusiastic support for this project and his expert guidance as it came to fruition. Thanks as well to Karen Hwa and Susan Barnett, who shepherded this project through the editing and production processes. Last but certainly not least, I express my appreciation to the friends near and far who sustained and supported me during the years I spent working on this project. Jennifer Boittin, Sarah Cameron, Megan Dean Farah, Catherine Dunlop, Nicole Eaton, Monica Eppinger, Christine Evans, Jens-Uwe Güttel, Bethany Lacina, and Victoria Smolkin-Rothrock deserve special mention. I will always be grateful to the late A. A. Strutinskii and his family for...

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