Militarism in a Global Age: Naval Ambitions in Germany and the United States before World War I

Index

Abrahamson, James, 14 absolutism, of Kaiser, 10, 181–83, 226 Adams, Brooks, 44 Africa, 25, 31–32, 37, 58, 158 African Americans, in navy, 243. See also race Alaska, 132, 136 “armed peace,” 73 arms race, 2–3, 8–9, 73–74; naval force ratios in, 65–66, 75–79, 81, 85–89, 137–39, 340n53. See also German Naval Bill(s) Army and Navy Journal (U.S.), 214 army tactics. See land warfare Auslandsdeutsche. See migrants, German Australia, 153, 157 Bachmann, Gustav, 282 Badger, Charles, 84, 192 Baer, George W., 95 battlecruisers, 80, 86, 111, 113–16, 121–22, 169, 285. See also cruiser warfare battle fleet warfare, 102–24, 168–71, 303–4; alternatives to, 107–16, 150; Dreadnoughts in, 76–77, 81, 86, 122, 285, 292; German strategies for, 102–7, 114–16, 121–24, 138–39, 144–48, 259, 261–64; limitations on, 150–54; logistic support for, 128, 133–35; U.S. strategies for, 102–6, 112–13, 116–20, 127–37, 259–61, 290 Baudissin, Friedrich von, 66, 286, 287 Beard, Charles, 301–02, 309 Becker, Frank, 8 Belgium, 68, 155 Bendemann, Felix, 285; on Anglo-U.S. cooperation, 62; on German-Russian alliance, 34, 35 Benson,William Shepherd, 51–52, 192, 237; and Dewey, 298; on fleet’s war readiness, 95, 96, 299; on naval expansion, 94 Berghahn,Volker R., 9–10, 178, 360n33; on Anglo-German naval force ratios, 75, 77 Bethmann-Hollweg,Theobald von, 76, 186; brinkmanship of, 87; public relations by, 203; and Tirpitz, 88–89, 228, 245 Bismarck, Otto von, 228, 244, 281, 359n25 “Black War Plan,” 128–30, 338n12 blockade,156;during BoerWar,158; contraband laws of,150,159–64,166, 169–70;German plans against,77,86, Index 414 Index 105–11,141–45,164–65;“hunger,”149–50, 170;“observational,”142,144;Tirpitz on,152,155–57;U.S.view of,152–53, 157–58,160–61;during U.S.CivilWar,154; of Venezuela,91.See also commercial warfare Blue,Victor von, 297 Boer War, 158 Borckenhagen, Ludwig, 256 Boxer Rebellion, 117, 121, 147 Boy-Ed, Karl, 273 Bradford, Royal B., 121 Bronsart von Schellendorf, Paul, 269 Bryan,William Jenings, 239 Büchsel,Wilhelm, 182, 265–66, 268; on German-U.S. cooperation, 62; on invasion of France, 141; on war readiness, 286 Buckle,Thomas, 261 Bülow, Berhard von, 66, 76, 183, 228; naval lobbying by, 204, 286; and Tirpitz, 186, 280, 281 Bureau for Information and General Parliamentary Affairs. See Information Bureau cables, transoceanic, 104, 121, 123–24 Canada, 153, 166 Capelle, Eduard von, 58, 78, 287; on Anglo-German arms race, 66, 67; on battlecruisers, 114; on “Iron Budget,” 180; lobbying by, 202, 205; on Navy League, 356n74; as Tirpitz’s successor, 202 Capps,William, 290 Caprivi, Leo von, 156, 167 Caribbean Sea. See West Indies censorship, 220, 281 Center Party (Germany), 179, 183, 231–32; and anti-Catholicism, 229; Naval League’s attacks on, 212–13; naval lobbying of, 204–5, 223; and Sammlungspolitik, 231 Chadwick, French Ensor, 25, 43, 193; on naval experts, 302; at Naval War College, 270; public relations by, 215 Chamberlain, Joseph, 64 China, 25, 45; Boxer Rebellion in, 117, 121, 147; emigrants from, 242–43; German emigrants in, 31, 123, 153, 185; Japanese conflicts with, 37, 52, 131, 166, 270; and Russia, 37, 52, 131, 132; and United Kingdom, 28, 59; and United States, 36–42, 52–54, 70, 91, 153, 166, 195, 197 Churchill,Winston, 65, 76 “civilizing mission,” 35–36, 44–45, 53, 240–41 Civil War (U.S.), 12, 13, 103, 108, 154, 166 Clausewitz, Karl von, 259, 271; Maltzahn on, 263;Tirpitz on, 103, 105, 262 coal, as naval fuel, 119, 128, 136 Coerper, Karl von, 63–64 Colomb, Philip, 365n53 colonialism. See imperialism commercial warfare, 25, 108–11, 149–66, 304; British view of, 70, 150, 153, 168; cruisers for, 113–15, 152–54, 156–57, 161, 165; German view of, 151–54, 162–65, 167–71; submarines for, 111–13; unrestricted, 150, 168–71, 246; U.S. view of, 152–54, 157–58, 160–62, 165–71, 254; zone of, 161, 169–70. See also blockade; maritime law continuous voyage doctrine, 161–62, 164–66 contraband laws, 150, 159–64, 166, 169–70 Coontz, R. E., 192 Copenhagen complex, 60 Corbett, Julian, 107 cruiser warfare, 107–10, 119, 122, 286; against commercial shipping, 113–15, 152–57, 161, 165, 169;Tirpitz on, 109, 153–54, 181. See also battlecruisers Cuba, 120...