Dealing with Deities: The Ritual Vow in South Asia

Index

275 abhisheka, 140; defined, 257 Achutappa Naiker, 69, 70, 73 Adam and Eve, 69–70 Adarsh Grhini-Grhapati (Miran Yati), 239 Adi Granth, 201, 202–203, 204, 213; defined, 257 Africa, 83 Ajmeer Sharif, 94 Akali Sikhs, 211–12 Akal Purakh, 206, 207, 208; defined, 257 Akal Takhat, 211, 212–13 akhand path, 209, 213; defined, 257 Alutnuwara Deviyo, 110 Alvar, Tirumangai, 66 Ampara, 92; defined, 257 amrit, 205, 206, 210; defined, 257 Amritdhari, 205; defined, 257 amrit-vela, 204 anahar, 173; defined, 257 anand karaj, 205 Anand marriage ceremony, 205, 208–209 Anandpur, 203 animals, 96, 97, 116; and saints, 91 animal sacrifices, 4, 5, 77, 252; and healing, 64n17; and nerccais, 45, 49, 51, 57; and Shahul Hamid, 72 ankappiratatcinam, 33 ankappiratittai, 135–36; defined, 258. See also circumambulation Annandurai, 157 Anne, St., 1, 47, 49; and baby auctioning rite, 53–56 Anthony, St., 1, 47–49, 52; and healing, 57–60; and shared deities, 61 Anthony of Padua, St., 48 anushthans, 168–74, 178; defined, 258 Appar, 149, 150–51, 158, 159, 160 Aptul Kaatiru Nayinar Leppai Alim,Ceyk (Sheikh), 67 arahaths, 125 Ardas, 209, 213 Arjuna, 148 arude, 117, 118, 119; defined, 258 Arulanandapuram, xvii, 47, 49, 54 Arulanandasamy, 45 Arya, Shakuntala, 241–42 Arya Samaj, 235, 238–40 asanam, 57–59; defined, 258; ill., 58 asceticism: and Jains, 188, 190, 192; and Sikhs, 201 ascetics, 4, 6, 8–9, 10, 147, 148, 250; Buddhist, 167; Jain, 167 ashrama, 191; defined, 258 astangasilla, 107; defined, 258 astrology, 12, 110–11, 116, 245n8 asylum, 131, 132 Index 276 Index atasil, 107 atiyen, 155–56; defined, 258 Atman, 167 atme, 112; defined, 258 Aurangzeb, 203 Awami League, 87 ayambil, 192–95; defined, 258 Ayambil Oli, 187, 192, 193, 194 Ayodhya, xvii Baba Buddha, 209 Baba Dip Singh, 210–11, 213 baby auction rite, 4, 43, 53–56; ill., 54, 55 bachan, 168, 170–71; defined, 258 Badar, Pir, 94 Badone, Ellen, 8 Badr, Battle of, 90, 102 Bagerhat, 88, 90 bana, 207; defined, 258 Bangladesh, 1, 3, 7, 87–105 Bangladesh National Party (BNP), 87 bani, 207 bara, 107–28; defined, 258 Bara Bazar, 90 baraka, 90; defined, 258 barakat, 76, 77, 79 batha, 117; defined, 258 baths, 57, 59, 65, 221 Baumann, Martin, 129–44 “Because It Gives Me Peace of Mind”: Ritual Fasts in the Religious Lives of Hindu Women (Pearson), 29 Benares, xvii, 220, 221–22 Bengal, 91, 95, 100, 101–102 Besant Nagar, 154 bhagy, 229–30 Bhai Gurdas Bhalla, 204 Bhai Taru Singh, 210 bhakris, 17, 18, 20, 21; defined, 258 bhaktas, 8, 131, 140, 142; defined, 258 bhakti, 6, 10, 148–49, 166, 167, 171, 227; defined, 258; hymns, 151–60; poetry, 149–51; as vow, 160 bhaktiya, 119 Bhanginis, 237 Bharati Devi, 240 Bharatiya Janata Party, 241 bhavana, 119; defined, 258 Bhindranwale, Sant Jarnail Singh, 212– 13 Bistam (city), 88 Bistami, Bayazid, 87, 88 blood sacrifices, 29, 30, 31, 33, 36 bodhisattva, 122, 123, 182; defined, 258 Bodhisattva, Maitri, 109–10 body position restrictions, 176–77 Brahmans, 29, 236, 237, 238 Braj, 222 bratas, 5; defined, 258 bratu, 214n3 bratu nemu, 201; defined, 258 bricolage, 80–84 Britto, John de. See John de Britto, St. Buddha Maitri, 123 Buddhas, 125, 127n20 Buddhism, 2, 107, 167, 182 Buddhists, 95, 107–28 Budha (Mercury), 111 Cakkeshvari, 193 Cakul Amitu Nayakar, 67 Calixtus, George, 81 Campantar, 149, 154–55, 158 Canada, 130 Candeshvara, 135 caste identities, 45–46 castes, 48, 49, 58, 77; and the Bhagavad Gita, 236–38; Hindu, 80; interdependence of, 237; and Ramananda, 168 Catholicism, 8, 12n4 Catholics, 4, 11, 126n4; and asanam, 58; in Spain, 8, 12n4, 62; Tamil, 43–64, 131 Cekuna Pulavar, 67 celibacy, 172, 174, 201 Chaitra, 16; defined, 259 Chennai, xvii, 152, 154 Chittagong, xvii, 1, 88 Christian, William A., 8 Christianity, 2, 7, 83, 92, 161n2 Christians, 95 Index 277 Chutalaimadan, 48, 60 Ciombatore, 84 Cira Puranam, 82 circumambulation, 32, 51, 52, 59, 253; in asanam, 5; in cradle rite, 56; at Ganesha temple, 141; in German Tamil temples, 134–36; ill., 135; Sikh, 208, 209. See also ankappiratatcinam Civacaryar, Umapati, 161n6 civilization building, 90–91 clothing, 35, 60, 174, 178 coconuts, 5, 19, 71, 114, 118–19; ill., 120, 121 coconut sapling, 52–53, 126n13; ill., 53 coins, 112, 227; ill., 113 confession, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198 Cort, John E., 187, 190, 196 cosmology, 110–11, 125 cradle rite, 56 crocodiles...