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Index Academy for the Science of Judaism (Akademie für die Wissenschaft des Judentums ), 37, 202n18 action, 155 Adler, Cyrus, 218n21 Aeschylus, 187 aesthetics, 134 agreement, 120–21, 140–41, 144 Alcibiades, 236n56 Alexander of Aphrodisias, 102 Alfarabi (al-Fārābi), 112, 128–31, 175–76, 184, 189–90, 218n23, 222n84, 223n87; on inner and outer meaning of the law, 128 allegorical exegesis, 55, 60, 109, 123 Alphakar, Jehudah, 54 anarchism, 139 animal sociale (social animal), 135, 137, 225n114 anti-Semitism, 9–10 antitheism, 80, 83, 225n119 appearance, 163 appetite, 154–55 apikorsuth, see Epicureanism Aquinas, Thomas, 54, 109 Arendt, Hannah, 2 Aristophanes, 185–86, 236n56; Assembly of Women, 186; Clouds, 185–86 Aristotle, 51, 54–56, 58, 60, 97, 109–11, 113–15, 119, 132, 137, 153, 156–57, 159–61, 166, 170, 208n128, 212n43, 215n98; Politics, 113–14, 219n31 Aron, Raymond, 4 art, 169, 181, 186, 222n75 artfulness, 169 art of writing, 3, 123, 147, 174–77 passim, 187–89, 222n75, 233n16. See also esoteric and exoteric communication assimilation, 9–11, 13, 17, 26–29, 72–73, 95 atheism, 10, 69, 79–80, 84, 93, 223n96; from probity, 93–97, 104, 106, 132, 145, 191–92 Athens, 192–94 attributes, 23, 57, 85–86 autonomy, 15, 79, 86, 92 Averroës (Ibn Rushd), 112, 123, 125, 190; Decisive Treatise, 123 Avicenna (ibn S¹̄nā), 112, 116, 124, 126, 218n19, 219n19, 218n23, 219n37; On the Parts of the Sciences, 113 Baal, 46, 52 Bacon, Francis, 136, 158 Barth, Karl, 20 Bauer, Bruno, 208n129 Being, 78, 110, 192, 238n87, 238n90; as corporality and resistance, 169 Bellow, Saul, 195n4 Bergbohm, Carl, 238n84 best regime (aristè politeia), 113, 117, 121–22, 127, 130, 162, 180–81, 184, 186, 190, 218n23, 236n53 Bible, 18–21, 28–29, 32, 38, 40, 43–45, 51, 53–55, 58, 62–64, 70–72, 93, 103, 167, 192, 194, 203n42, 203n43, 203n45, 214n91, 219n35, 231n66; denial of autonomy of reason in, 47; literal meaning of, 37, 45, 55; rational moral precepts in, 44 biblical history, 19, 23, 35 biblical science, 28, 36–38, 40–41, 51, 55, 72–73 Blijenbergh, Willem van, 207n110 Bloom, Allan, 1, 5, 195n4 body, 112; abstraction from in Plato’s Republic, 181–83 Boxel, Hugo, 208 251 Brague, Rémi, 5 Breuer, Isaac, 10 Buber, Martin, 20–21, 23–24, 29, 30; and ‘eclipse of God’, 24; Hasidic tales of, 24; I and Thou, 21, 23 Bultmann, Rudolf, 20 Calvin, John, 54, 61–66 passim, 168; distinction between profane and numinous fear by, 63, 66–67, 207n115; Institutes of the Christian Religion, 62 Calvinism, 67, 219n35 Cassirer, Ernst, 209n3, 232n1 causality, 38, 68 charity, 35, 40, 44, 57 Christian Aristotelianism, 115, 165 Christianity, 32–34, 84, 152–53, 166, 170–71, 189 Cicero, 184 civilization, 92, 136, 142, 146, 169, 188, 226n130; as bourgeois ideal, 151, 229n25 Cohen, Hermann, 20–23, 31–37, 66–67, 90, 109–11, 114–15, 119–20, 133, 202n16, 202n18, 206n105, 209n3 communism, 171 conscience, 62, 151, 155, 171 consciousness, 168–69 conservatism, 84, 116 Conspectivism, 213n70 corporality, 35, 102, 169, 204n51 cosmos, 65, 157, 206n96 courage, 156, 162, 170, 193, 203n49 creation, 38, 46, 56, 58, 60, 63–64, 86, 213n66 critique of religion, 11–12, 16, 19–20, 22–23, 26–29, 37–39, 42, 51–52, 61, 66, 68–72, 75, 90–92, 97, 130, 165–67, 169, 204n51; as basis of biblical science, 37–39 culture, 13–14, 69, 79, 92; classical concept of, 137, 138; modern concept of, 134–35, 137, 142, 146, 158, 188 Cyrus, 237n72 Da Costa, Uriel, 208n129 death, 67, 138, 228n18, 228n23; as summum malum (greatest evil), 151, 155 decisionism, 84, 89, 143–44, 191, 226n129 Democritus, 208n128 Descartes, René, 51, 56, 78, 80–81, 83, 88, 97, 168; critique of Aristotelianism and scholasticism, 51, 56, 97, 213n66; deus deceptor , 168, 228n23; ego cogitans, 205n73; générosité, 228n23; mathesis universalis, 161, 230n45; radical doubt, 51, 78–79, 84, 96, 168, 228n23 desertion, 156 desire, 151 despotism, 80 destiny, 143 determinism, 63, 79 Diderot, Denis, 132 disenchantment, 93 disobedience, 62 divine call, 24 divine election, 14, 16–17, 35 divine intellect, 55, 57, 59, 202n26 divine intervention, 47, 49, 63 divine omnipotence, 62, 92 divine substance, 57–58 divine will, 38, 57, 67, 202n26, 207n116 dogma, 15–16 doxa. See opinion Dreyfus Affair, 10 Dubnow, Simon, 18–19, 23, 26 duty, 141 economics, 140, 151, 218n19 Eindeutschung (Germanization), 13 Einwirklichung (return to reality), 12–13, 16, 72...

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