Diaspora Conversions: Black Carib Religion and the Recovery of Africa

Title Page, Copyright, Dedication

Diaspora Conversions This page intentionally left blank Diaspora Conversions Black Carib Religion and the Recovery of Africa Paul Christopher Johnson UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley / Los Angeles / London University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. Parts of chapters 1 and 2 were previously published in different form as “On Leaving and Joining Africanness through Religion: The ‘Black Caribs’ across Multiple Diasporic Horizons,” Journal of Religion in Africa, 2007. Chapter 4 was previously published in different form as “Joining the African Diaspora: Dynamics of Migration and Urban Religion” in R. Marie Griffith and Barbara Dianne Savage, eds., Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Performance. © 2006 R. Marie Griffith and Barbara Dianne Savage. Reprinted with permission of The Johns Hopkins University Press. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England© 2007 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Johnson, Paul C. (Paul Christopher). Diaspora conversions : Black Carib religion and the recovery of Africa / Paul Christopher Johnson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-520-24969-1 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-520-24970-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Garifuna (Caribbean people)—Honduras—Religion. 2. Garifuna (Caribbean people)—Honduras—Ethnic identity. 3. Garifuna (Caribbean people)—Honduras—Migrations. 4. Garifuna (Caribbean people)— New York (State)—New York Metropolitan Area—Religion. 5. Garifuna (Caribbean people)—New York (State)—New York Metropolitan Area— Ethnic identity. I. Title. F1505.2.C3J64 2007 299.7'892—dc22 2006032564 Manufactured in the United States of America 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on New Leaf EcoBook 50, a 100% recycled fiber of which 50% is de-inked post-consumer waste, processed chlorine-free. EcoBook 50 is acid-free and meets the minimum requirements of ansi/astm d5634-01 (Permanence of Paper). ∞ For Anna Marie Andersson Almer (1905–2005) and Anaïs Zubrzycki-Johnson (2006–). Two beautiful lives; one already lived, the other just begun. This page intentionally left blank ...