Compulsive Acts: A Psychiatrist's Tales of Ritual and Obsession

Index

INDEX 171 addictions, behavioral. See impulse control disorders AIDS, hair loss from syphilis and, 57 Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), 129 Alopecia areata, 57 Alopecia totalis, 57 Alopecia universalis, 58 Austen, Jane, kleptomaniac aunt of, 77–78 behavioral addictions. See impulse control disorders Belle de jour (film), 82–83 birds, compulsive feather plucking by, 42, 56–57 Black, Donald, 145 canine acral lick dermatitis, 37 casinos, 115, 125; Indian gaming, 126–127 Celexa (citalopram), in OCD treatment, 26 checking, excessive, 9–12 chemical imbalance, in OCD, 21, 24–26 citalopram (Celexa), in OCD treatment, 26 cleaning, as compulsion, 11 clomipramine, in trichotillomania treatment, 63 cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), 27–28; for kleptomania, 85 competing responses, 61–62 compulsions: defined, 9–10; counting, 11; examples of, 9, 11; excessive checking, 11–13; mental acts as, 11; obsessions clustered with, 11; compulsive sexuality, 43–44; showering rituals , 59 computer use. See Internet; Internet use, problematic; pathological gambling disorder conditioning. See operant conditioning 172 / Index confession of perceived mistakes, compulsive, 11 contamination fears, 9 countertransference, 87–89 counting, as compulsion, 11 dating, online, 140–142 depression, 21, 70; and gambling, 112, 121; and problematic Internet use, 147; SSRI treatment of, compared to OCD treatment, 26 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), 9, 10, 43, 80, 112 disturbing thoughts, as obsessions, 9 dogs, compulsive licking by, 37 dopamine levels, addictions and, 116 drugs. See medications DSM-IV. See Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition escitalopram (Lexapro), in OCD treatment, 26 e-therapy (online therapy), 151–153 ethics, gift acceptance and, 55, 63, 122 evolutionary psychology, 23 family members, role in OCD, 16–17 fluoxetine (Prozac), in OCD treatment, 26 fluvoxamine (Luvox), in OCD treatment, 26 Freud, Sigmund, 22–23 Fungal infections, hair loss and, 57 Gamblers Anonymous, 129 gambling: casinos, 115, 125; charitable gaming, 124; economic aspects of, 120–121; increase in the U.S., 120–121, 124, 126–127; Indian gaming, 126–127; on Internet, 121, 134, 147; legalized, suicide rates and, 121; lotteries, 124; and operant conditioning, 114–115; pari-mutuel wagering, 124–125; Proposition 1A, 127; Proposition 5, 127; slot machines , 115. See also Internet; pathological gambling disorder Gamel, Nona, 92 genetics, role in OCD, 14, 22 giardia, feather loss in parrots and, 56 glutamate, and OCD, 21 habit reversal, in treatment of trichotillomania , 61–62 hair loss: from medical conditions, 57–58. See also trichotillomania Hallopeau, François Henri, 42 handwashing, as compulsion, 11 hoarding, 6, 11, 17, 18; defined, 31; OCD distinguished from, 32; prevalence of, 31 Hollander, Eric, 45 Hypothyroidism, hair loss and, 57 impulse control disorders, 43; disconnection from reality in, 44; guilt in, 43; OCD, similarities to, 43–45; pleasurable aspects Index / 173 of, 44. See also kleptomania; pathological gambling disorder; trichotillomania Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988, 126–127 internal monologues, changing of, 61, 62 Internet, 138–139; confidentiality concerns, 152; doctor-patient relationship and, 150–151; e-therapy, 152–153; gambling via, 121, 134, 147; medical information on, 150–151; online dating, 140–142; social anxiety and, 140, 154; virtual lives, 142–144 Internet use, problematic: as addiction , 142–147; clinical causes of, 146–147; compulsive checking of Web sites, 141; effect of on businesses, 144–145; patient characteristics, 145, 146; prevalence of, 145–146; research on, 145–147; virtual life overtaking real life in, 142–144; See also gambling; Internet intrusive thoughts, as obsessions, 45 kleptomania, 43, 79–80; behavioral interventions in, 84–85, 98–99; diagnostic criteria for, 80; economic effects of, 97–98; gender and, 80–81, 93; legal consequences of, 93; medications for, 86, 91, 94, 96; prevalence of, 80–81; psychotherapy approaches to, 85; research survey, 93–94; socioeconomic status and, 81, 103–106; sociopathic stealing compared to, 80, 81–82. See also impulse control disorders “Kleptomania defense,” 81 Koran, Lorrin, 92 Lexapro (escitalopram), in OCD treatment, 26 Luvox (fluvoxamine), in OCD treatment, 26 medications: for kleptomania, 86, 91, 94, 96; Mirapex, 115–117; naltrexone, 129, 130–131; for pathological gambling disorder, 129, 130–132; relapse rates and, 26; SSRIs, 24–26, 63, 131–132; for trichotillomania, 63 monitoring (of kleptomania offenders ), via satellite systems, 89, 95–96 naltrexone, in treatment of pathological gambling disorder, 132 neurotransmitters, 21. See also serotonin; glutamate; dopamine Notes upon a Case of Obsessional Neurosis (book), 22 obsessions: compulsions clustered with, 11; defined, 9; examples of, 9 obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD): biological...