Index
199 Aaron ben Moshe, 20–21, 25 abandonment. See agune (“chained woman,” including abandoned wife); children, deserted; deserting husbands/fathers; desertion, spousal Abramovitsh, S. Y., xx, 49, 93, 174n5. See also Travels of Benjamin the Third, The adventurer/adventurism: autonomy and, 50–51; demographic influences on, xx–xxi, 155–56; dual modeling of, 50; economic, 68–77; literary portrayals of, xx–xxiii, 50; petit-bourgeois, 66, 68–69; self-liberation of, 173n3. See also luftmentsh; Menahkem-Mendl; Travels of Benjamin the Third, The aginut, xvii, 2, 5, 6, 155, 163n1. See also agune (“chained woman,” including abandoned wife) Aguna (Baron), 55 agune (“chained woman,” including abandoned wife): children’s welfare and, 117–19; class and, 158; Conservative solutions to problem of, 164n5, 164n8 (Ch.1); cultural environment of, xv–xvi; defined, 1, 163n1; divorces granted to, 160; as double exile, in Germany, 26–27; embedded narratives on, xvii; familial support of, 184n1; fear of rejection, 136; gender (in)equality and, 8–9; gender theory and, xv; incarcerated deserters and, 124–29; Jewish charities and, 125–26; in Jewish law, 2–9, 10, 36–37, 155; literary critics and, 63; as living widow, 168n13; luftmentsh and, 55–56, 63–64; male equivalent of, 8; powerlessness of, 82–85; in public forums, 112–19, 128, 129; as responsible for desertion , 93; self-censorship by, 113–14, 116–17, 128–29; shame/guilt felt by, 80–82, 96, 131, 153; shekhine as, 54–55; suicides of, 104–5; textual representation of, xiv–xvi, 1–2. See also agune, marginalization of; specific texts Agune, Die (Grade), 1–2 agune, marginalization of, xv, xxii–xxiii, 1–3; in Benjamin the Third, 56–57, 59, 159–60; in “Gallery of Vanished Husbands,” xxiii, 92–93, 99–100, 113–14, 160; in Jewish patriarchy, 153, 159–60; in Maimon Autobiography , xix, 11–12, 29–30, 35–36, 44–48; in Menakhem-Mendl, 59–60, 77, 159–60; by National Desertion Bureau, 103, 113–14 agune rights groups, 160, 165n24 Alter, Robert, 22 Altona (annexed by Denmark), 13–17, 19, 24, 169n28, 171n60 Amar, Shlomo, 160–61 Index 200 INDEX American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee , 95 antisemitism: Diaspora Jewry and, 7; National Desertion Bureau mission and, xxiv, 94; in 17th-century Germany , 24–25, 28 Asch, Sholem, 93 Ashkenazic Jewry, 156, 186n10 autobiography: as literary form, 31; reluctant writing hand convention in, 47–48, 172n87; as self-reflection, 30, 47 Autobiography (Maimon): agune marginalized in, xix, 11–12, 29–30, 35–36, 44–48; antirabbinical argumentation in, xix–xx, 34–35, 36, 37–44; deserter as adventurer in, 155; divorce laws omitted from, 36–37; Eastern European Orthodoxy vs. German Enlightenment in, 30–34, 38, 39, 40, 45–48; embedded narratives in, xvii; Enlightenment autonomy in, xix, xx, 36, 50; Hamel Memoirs contrasted with, 10–12, 29–30; identity construction in, 68; reluctant writing hand convention in, 47–48, 172n87; shofar incident in, 39–41; socioeconomic influences on, 10–11, 47; spatial/geographical accuracy of, 171n60; on Talmudist marriage contracts, 33–35; translations of, 170n38; truth as motivating force of, 30, 46 autonomy, xix–xx, 36, 50–51, 77, 80, 186n14 Barkat, Amiram, 160 Baron, Dvora, 55 Baron, Salo W., 154, 173n4, 185n5 batlan (idler), luftmentsh vs., 51–52 Batscha, Zvi, 167n3 Benjamin the Third. See Travels of Benjamin the Third, The Berlin: Enlightenment elite in, 46; Maimon in, 33, 43, 46, 157; rabbinical authority weakened in, xviii beyt din (religious court): Conservative, 164n5; Jewish divorce law and, 36–37, 40, 41–44; Maimon’s argumentation before, 36, 41–44 Biale, Rachel, 5, 7 bigamy, 110–11, 112 Bilik, Dorothy, 167n2 Bintl briv, A (Jewish Daily Forward feature): agunes’ letters in, 112–19, 128; children’s letters in, 119–24, 128; deserters’ letter in, 124–29 Bleichröder, Gerson von, 66 Bogen, Boris, 95, 127 bourgeoisie, 66, 68–69, 78, 173n3 Boyarin, Daniel, 33, 154, 184n4, 185n8 Brantshpigl (Yiddish ethical text), 157. See also muser (ethical) literature Breslau (Germany), 41–44, 46 brivnshteler (Jewish literary genre), xxi, 50, 60–63, 90–91, 173n2 Brodsky, Israel, 52, 65 Butler, Judith, 159, 186n14 Cahan, Abraham, 93, 113, 118–19 capitalism: adventurism and, 49–50, 64–67, 155–56; country vs. city in, 177–78n42, 178n45; emergence of, xviii; gender inequality and, 185n8; human valuation in, 66; identity construction and, 66; impact on Jewish community, 52, 62–63, 177– 78n42; individualism and, 178n44; Jewish values vs., 65; luftmentsh and, xxi–xxii, 68–69, 76–77, 173–74n4; Maimon Autobiography and, 47...
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