Origins of Democracy in Ancient Greece

CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS

CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS ix Late 8th century Spartan conquest of Messenia 669/8 Sparta defeated by Argos at Hysiae Mid- to late Second Messenian War, Sparta adopts the “Great 7th century Rhetra,” Tyrtaeus c. 632 Cylon attempts to establish a tyranny in Athens c. 621 Draco’s legislation at Athens 594 Solon archon, mediator, and lawgiver in Athens 560–556 Supposed first tyranny of Peisistratus in Athens 546–528 Peisistratus tyrant in Athens 528–510 Hippias tyrant in Athens 514 Harmodius and Aristogeiton assassinate Hipparchus 510 Tyrant family expelled from Athens by Spartan intervention 508/7 Factional strife in Athens, intervention by King Cleomenes of Sparta, popular uprising against Isagoras and Cleomenes, reforms initiated by Cleisthenes 506 Failed Spartan invasion of Attica, Athens defeats Chalcis and Boeotians 499–494 Ionian Revolt, initially supported by Athens and Eretria 490 First Persian invasion, Athenian victory at Marathon 483–480 Construction of large Athenian war fleet 480–479 Second Persian invasion, Greek defeat at Thermopylae, draw at Artemisium, victories at Salamis, Plataea, and Mycale 478 Foundation of Delian League under leadership of Athens 472 Performance of Aeschylus’s Persians 465 Earthquake and helot revolt at Sparta 463 Performance of Aeschylus’s Suppliants 462/1 Reforms initiated by Ephialtes, Cimon ostracized 459–451 First Peloponnesian War between Athens and Spartan alliance 458 Performance of Aeschylus’s Oresteia, including Eumenides 451/0 Pericles’ citizenship law 446 Thirty Years’ Peace with Sparta 443 Ostracism of Thucydides son of Melesias, Pericles’ last major opponent 431–404 Second Peloponnesian War 429 Death of Pericles 413 Defeat of Athenian expeditionary force in Sicily 411 Oligarchy of the Four Hundred at Athens, followed by a moderate oligarchy of Five Thousand 410 Democracy restored 410–399 Revision of laws in Athens 404 Defeat of Athens, tyranny of the Thirty 403 Democracy restored 399 Trial and death of Socrates x Chronology of Events ...