Physician Communication with Patients: Research Findings and Challenges

Index

Index 291 Abbreviations used in text and tables, ix Changing physician behavior, strategy effects compared to communication skills training (CST), 248–73 audit and feedback, 249, 253, 255, 256, 257 computer and paper prompts, 254 continuing medical education (CME), 234, 253, 254, 257, 258 educational meetings, 249, 251–52, 255 educational outreach visits (EOV), 248, 250–51, 253 guidelines, 248, 253–54 on-screen computer reminders, 248, 252, 253 opinion leaders, 249–50 on patient outcomes, 252, 255–61 printed educational materials, 248, 251, 253 Clinical practice guidelines, 10, 20, 112, 225, 233, 242, 244, 248, 253–54 Cochrane review methods, 247–49 Communication skills training, effectiveness , 173–80 Conveying bad news, 4, 8, 21, 105, 106, 172, 173 Decision aids (DAs), 9, 109–11 Electronic health records (EHR), 9, 10, 15, 111–12, 233 End-of-life, 19, 21, 22, 105, 229, 233, 242 Health outcomes, conceptualization and measurement issues, 5, 12, 13, 14, 72, 171, 174, 175, 179, 180, 222, 223, 231, 233, 236, 237, 238, 241, 245, 247, 248, 249, 250, 252, 254, 255, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262 immediate, 13, 69–70 intermediate, 13, 70–71 longer-term, 14, 71–72 Improving physician communication communication skills training (CST) compared to other strategies, 248–73 effectiveness of communication skills training programs, 173–80 effectiveness of general programs, 172–74 effectiveness of oncology programs, 174 interventions to improve quality, 14–15 strategies, 171–221 Integrated delivery system (IDS), 223–26, 231–35, 236, 237–38 Kaiser Four Habits Model, 176, 231 Kalamazoo Consensus Statement, 2, 7, 11, 20, 229 Limitations of existing literature, 10, 22, 72, 101–2, 104, 113, 173–74, 175, 179–80, 261–62 Literature review methods, 18, 68, 102–3, 171–72, 226 Logic Model of physician communication , 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15, 68, 101, 171, 223 Logic Model of physician communication , expanded, 223–26 Organizational communication skills training programs, examples, 228–37 Group Health of Puget Sound (GH), 231–33 HealthPartners (HP), 233–37 University of Minnesota Medical School (UM), 229–31 University of Washington Medical School (UW), 228–29 Organizational outcomes, measurement of, 223–26 immediate, 224 intermediate, 225–26 longer-term, 226 Patient expectations of a physician visit, 1–2, 21 experiences cited in media reports, 2–5 immediate health outcomes, 13, 69–70 intermediate health outcomes, 13, 70–71 longer-term health outcomes, 14, 71–72 participation in treatment decisions, 20, 239–41 training for physician visit, 9, 15, 107–8 understanding of diagnosis and treatment , 20–21 Physician communication, associated quality factors effects on patient health, 13–14, 69–100 electronic health records, 9, 10, 15, 111–12, 233 environmental characteristics, 9, 14, 112–13 length of visit, 21, 112 patient characteristics, 8–9, 10, 14, 15, 72, 106–9 physician characteristics, 6, 14, 104–6, 171 practice characteristics, 8, 9, 10, 14, 19, 109–12, 113 Physician communication, issues and opportunities , 239–46 medical home, of primary care, 241–42 organizational resources, 245 physician performance measurement, 10, 19–22, 44, 68, 175, 179, 225, 244–62 role of patients, 239–41 shortage of primary care physicians, 243 technology for interacting with patients , 243–44 time demand on physician practices, 242–43 Physician communication, measuring impacts, 12–13 Poor physician communication, the evidence , 19–22 conveying bad news, 21 end-of-life care, 21, 22 factors related to, 109–70 and patient understanding, 20–21 providing information to patients, 21 Supporting organizations for communication skills training (CST), 235–37 American Academy on Communication in Healthcare, 235–36 The Institute for Healthcare Communication (IHC), 236–37 Virtual house calls, 244 Index 292 ...