The Congressional Black Caucus, Minority Voting Rights, and the U.S. Supreme Court

Index

203 Index Note: Page numbers in italics refer to tables and ‹gures. Abernathy, Ralph, 78 abolition, 21, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 47, 62, 107 black women, 36, 48–50, 57, 58 paci‹sm, 37, 43 white, 47 accommodationism, 30, 45, 46, 53, 60, 61–62, 67, 107 and Bruce, Blanche K., 53 Congressional Black Caucus (CBC), 67 and integration, 60 and Turner, Henry McNeal, 55–56, 60 and Washington, Booker T., 46, 61–62 Adarand v. Peña, 105, 119, 184n24, 187n26 Adegbile, Debo, 185n43 af‹rmative action, 104, 111, 123, 161 CBC, 9 in higher education, 3, 142, 145, 185n42 race-based districting, 30 See also speci‹c court cases, e.g., Grutter v. Bollinger AFL-CIO, 78 African Civilization Society, 42, 45 African Methodist Episcopal Church, 38, 55 Alabama, 61, 124, 128, 169n7 See also Mobile, AL; Tuskegee Institute Alaska, 77, 169n7, 180n47 Alito, Samuel, 12, 186n2 Allen, Robert, 38, 44 Allen v. State Board of Education, 80, 81 American Anti-Slavery Society, 48 American Colonization Society, 39, 41, 42, 45 American Woman Suffrage Association, 58 amicus curiae briefs, 87, 125 Congressional Black Caucus as, 6, 8, 14, 15, 18, 63, 65, 124 Adarand v. Peña, 105, 119, 184n24, 187n26 Astroline v. Shurberg, 105 Ayers v. Mabus, 105 Branch v. Smith, 105, 109, 184n1 color blindness, 151 Gratz v. Bollinger, 104, 105 Grutter v. Bollinger, 3, 104, 105, 123, 145, 185n42, 187n26 Jean v. Nelson, 105 McNary v. Haitian Centers, 105 Metro Broadcasting v. F.C.C., 105 Miller v. Johnson, 111–17 minority voting rights litigation, 4, 102–9 Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District Number 1 v. Holder, 5, 12, 15, 102, 105, 106, 109, 120–23, 126, 144, 173n4, 182n107, 185n51 Supreme Court opinion, 143–46, 148 Rodgers v. Lodge, 109–11 Shaw v. Hunt, 10, 15, 100, 102, 105, 106, 108, 117–20, 123, 124, 126, 141–43, 145, 148, 151, 156, 158, 185n43, 186n2, 187n31 University of Michigan, 169n4 amicus curiae briefs (continued) U.S. v. Fordice, 105 U.S. v. Hays, 111–17 Voting Rights Act, 101, 102, 124, 126 antebellum era, 35, 38, 41, 42, 150 Anthony, Susan B., 59 antilynching law, 59 anti-retrogression. See Voting Rights Act of 1965: Section 5 apartheid, 68, 71, 117, 128, 133–34, 136, 141 Arizona, 12, 75, 169n7 Arizona Free Enterprise Club v. Bennett, 12 Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corporation, 9 Ashcroft. See Georgia v. Ashcroft Astroline v. Shurberg, 105 Atlanta University, 60 Ayers v. Mabus, 105 bail-out provision. See Voting Rights Act of 1965: Section 5 balkanization, 115, 117, 133, 134 Baltimore, MD, 49 Bartlett v. Strickland, 146, 148 Beer v. United States, 108 Bell, Derrick, 123, 171n18 Bible, 49 Bingham, John, 21 Black Codes, 78, 107 Blackmun, Harry, 186n2 black nationalism, 37, 44, 56, 173n10 black power, 37, 41, 43, 162, 170n20, 183n135 blacks abolishment of chattel slavery, 36–51 liberty and gender, 48–51 equality and battles for citizenship, 60–62 political activism, 34–63 politicians, 26, 35, 46, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 64, 67, 68, 88, 98, 103, 136, 163, 164, 177n107 racial bloc voting, 3, 20, 56, 137 suffrage, 36, 45, 51–57, 59, 60 U.S. House of Representatives, 26, 70, 103, 165 U.S. Senate, 26 See also Congressional Black Caucus bloc voting. See racial bloc voting Blyden, Edward Wilmot, 173n9 Boerne v. Flores, 88, 89, 145 Bookerites, 61 Bossier Parish School Board. See Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board et al. I and II Boston, MA, 37, 40, 49, 53 Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society, 48 Bowers v. Hardwick, 123 Bradwell v. Illinois, 189n7 Branch v. Smith, 105, 109, 184n1 Brennan, William J., 171n6, 172n47 Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 1, 3, 9, 14, 22–25, 26, 103, 107, 113, 151, 152, 159 Brown v. Board of Education II (1955), 24 Bruce, Blanche K., 53 Burke County, GA, 109–10, 184n16 Burris, Roland, 172n36 Bush, George W., 97 Butler, M. Caldwell, 75 Byrd, Robert, 76 California, 75, 101, 124, 169n7, 178n15, 180n47 See also Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Canaan, NH, 42 Canada, 41, 50 Canon, David, 27 Caribbean, 41, 45 Carmichael, Stokely, 41 carpetbaggers, 46, 52 Carroll, Lewis, 187n21 Cary, Mary Ann Shadd, A Plea for Emigration : or, Notes of Canada West, 50 Castro, Fidel, 72 Castro, Raul, 72 CBC. See Congressional Black Caucus Central America, 41, 45 chattel slavery. See slavery checks and balances, 7, 13, 138, 139–41, 143, 144 Chinese Exclusionary...