The Liberal Illusion: Does Trade Promote Peace?

Appendix B. Major Power Trade

Appendix B major power trade 149 TABLE B1. Austria-Hungary’s Trade with Major Powers France Germany Italy Japan Russia UK U.S. 1871 6.60 1.85 1.60 1875 1.52 6.86 2.91 1.13 1880 5.54 30.99 12.61 6.99 1.85 1885 4.88 31.87 13.07 6.22 2.87 1890 43.14 8.26 0.06 4.94 5.19 2.42 1895 5.85 32.0a 11.62 0.13 7.29 4.77 3.34 1900 6.73 40.5b 14.37 0.65 8.84 5.09 4.62 1905 3.19 38.47 6.70 4.27 4.41 6.20 1910 3.68 38.35 7.61 0.18 4.75 7.71 6.01 1913 2.58 37.02 7.46 0.2c 4.15 4.68 3.34 a1896 figure used for trade with Germany. b1901 figure used for trade with Germany. c1912 figure used for trade with Japan. TABLE B2. France’s Trade with Major Powers Pre–World War I AustriaHungary Germany Italy Japan UK U.S. Russia 1870 3.65 7.75 25.24 7.62 3.23 1875 0.91 9.89 8.19 1.17 16.89 5.94 3.20 1880 1.80 9.42 6.82 0.33 21.93 12.51 4.09 1885 1.76 9.40 6.13 0.45 17.78 7.28 2.45 1890 8.46 3.32 0.77 18.91 9.84 2.95 1895 1.34 9.51 3.68 1.68 22.80 8.51 3.76 1900 1.50 10.13 3.46 0.79 21.39 9.16 3.55 1905 1.19 8.00 3.05 0.68 15.68 8.67 2.77 1910 1.51 10.62 4.02 0.94 14.86 8.51 3.58 1913 1.08 11.67 3.40 0.98 14.10 10.55 3.98 Interwar Period Germany Italy Japan Russia UK U.S. 1920 4.59 3.13 0.79 0.35 19.88 17.79 1925 4.71 4.16 0.68 0.29 16.61 10.88 1931a 12.24 3.49 0.49 0.95 11.76 8.01 1935 7.77 2.73 0.79 1.69 8.52 7.32 1938 6.73 1.36 0.68 1.18 9.14 9.37 Post–World War II China Russia UK U.S. 1950 7.68 9.43 1955 1.01 6.47 7.74 1960 1.60 4.62 9.00 1965 0.02 5.20 8.64 1970 0.03 4.99 7.80 1975 0.51 5.77 5.96 1980 0.31 2.40 6.47 6.49 1985 0.58 2.17 8.28 8.63 1990 0.86 1.11 8.36 7.22 1992 1.05 1.23 8.35 7.41 a1931 figures are used, since they are more complete than 1930 figures. TABLE B3. Germany’s Trade with Major Powers Pre–World War I AustriaHungary France Italy Japan Russia UK U.S. 1870 4.19 0.33 14.82 21.22 6.96 1875 15.04 0.90 0.07 20.68 7.65 1880 12.13 11.36 2.04 9.62 14.82 6.50 1885 11.51 9.42 3.15 0.15 8.42 13.89 4.74 1890 12.36 7.39 3.06 0.42 9.74 12.21 10.91 1895 11.41 6.84 2.99 0.69 9.99 12.73 10.46 1900 13.40 6.72 2.91 0.63 10.08 11.42 11.56 1905 11.16 6.25 3.47 0.78 11.65 11.33 12.06 1910 9.94 6.72 3.98 0.73 13.32 11.67 10.69 1913 9.26 6.96 3.87 1.37 13.54 11.78 11.92 Interwar Period France Italy Japan Russia UK U.S. 1920 11.49 4.49 0.69 13.45 26.17 1925 3.91 4.12 1.08 2.16 8.91 13.61 1931 8.97 3.52 1.03 7.13 10.08 6.69 1935 5.55 5.73 1.33 2.95 7.27 5.20 1938 3.38 5.41 1.35 0.75 5.79 5.16 TABLE B4. Italy...