Encounters in Avalanche Country: A History of Survival in the Mountain West, 1820-1920

Index

167 IndEx acts of God, 59, 66, 71–73, 75–77, 87, 99; liability law and, 7, 76–77, 81, 84–88, 100, 102–4, 106, 109–12, 114–18, 121, 144n29 aerial tramways, 39–40 Alpine Tunnel, 56, 122 Alta, Utah, 24, 32; snowshoe club, 52; winter climate in, 55 Anderson, Johnny, 64, 65, 68 Anderson, Lucius, 94 Anderson, Vic, 66 Andrews, Jennie A., 75–76 Ashley, William H., 10–11, 19 assumption of risk, 78 Astor, John Jacob, 10 avalanches, 37; history as (best) predictor of, 66, 70, 79; predictability of, 4, 34, 37, 41, 44, 55, 56, 73, 75–76, 79–81, 84, 87, 99–101, 103, 106, 108, 111–13, 116, 118–20, 123; prediction of, 40, 60, 66, 70, 79, 97, 101, 110, 111; prevention, 40, 41, 44, 45, 96; responsibility for, 75–77, 120–21 (see also acts of God; Doyle, Marcella; Topping v. Great Northern Railway Company); risk factors for, 40, 45, 98; slab avalanches vs. loose snow slides, 4, 56; in southwestern Colorado, 27; strategies for dealing with, 40; terminology, 3. See also Canadian Pacific Railway; Doyle, Marcella; winter of 1910; specific topics Bailets, Susan, 106–7 Bailets, W. R., 100 bare slopes and avalanches, 98 Beckwourth, Jim, 9 Blackburn, Arthur, 92–93, 106 Bowles, Edward W., 90–91 Bridger, Jim, 16, 18 Briggs, William I., 85 British Columbia (BC), 57; population growth, 59 Brunot Agreement of 1873, 23 Bryant, Edwin, 20 Burr, David, 19 Busteed, F. F., 87 buyer beware. See caveat emptor Calder, John, 107 Calder, Scott, 63, 65, 69 California, population of, 23 Camp Bird, Colorado, 40 Campbell, J. E., 97, 114 Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), 102, 147n11; building, 56, 57, 63, 70; Connaught Tunnel and, 122; dangers afflicting, 61–63; experienced workers , risk, and disaster, 65–67; temporary laborers consider risk, 67–69; 168 § indEx Canadian Pacific Railway (continued) and the winter of 1910, 62–65, 67, 122 (see also Rogers Pass avalanche of 1910) canyons, deep: miners and, 27 Carson, Kit, 18–19 Cascade Range (Cascades), 57 Cascade Tunnel, 57, 122 Cator, William, 61 caveat emptor (Let the buyer beware), 80, 82 Central Pacific Railroad, 56 Chester, F., 112 Chinese railway workers, 55, 56 Clark, Will, 35–36 Clayton, William, 20 clergy, 32–33, 37 Clyman, James, 20 Coburn, 30 common employment. See fellow servant rule community building and social events, 49–52. See also under mining Connaught Tunnel, 122 contributory negligence, 78 Cook, E. M., 73 cooperation: fur trapping, fur trade, and, 15–18; miners and, 33–37 Covington, Sarah Jane, 89–90, 93, 123–24 Crawford, Lulie M., 30 D’Arcy, W. H., 86 De Quille, Dan, 28 Denver, South Park, and Pacific (DSP&P) Railway Company, 56. See also Doyle, Marcella Denver & Rio Grande Railway Co. v. Andrews, 110, 115 Denver & Rio Grande Railway Co. v. Pilgrim, 75–76, 110, 111 Denver & Rio Grande Western Railway (D&RG), 55–56; lawsuits against, 75–76, 110 Dillon, Celia, 77 disaster response. See rescues and rescue services disasters, 120–24. See also specific disasters donkeys, 25 Donner party, 20–22 Dorety, Frederick G., 93, 104–15, 117 Doyle, Marcella, 77–85, 88, 97 Duchesnay, Edward, 61 due care (legal doctrine), 93, 95, 108 due diligence. See due care Dyer, John L., 25, 32–33, 131n44 dynamite, 47–48; triggering avalanches, 40 Elbert, Mount, 5 Elkhorn Range, 3 emergency services. See rescues and rescue services Emma Mine, 46, 47 explosives triggering avalanches, 40 fellow servant rule, 78 Ferris, Warren Angus, 9, 11–17, 19 Fitzpatrick, Thomas, 14 Flannery, William E., 98 Ford, J. P., 65–66 forestry and avalanches, 41–42 Forsyth, R. L., 91 Frémont, John C., 5 fur trappers who became legends, 18–19 fur trapping and fur trade, 9–11, 19–20; challenging terrain, 11–15; collapse of Rocky Mountain fur trade, 18; cooperation and campfire tales, 15–18 indEx § 169 Gallatin, Albert, 19 Gardiner, Charles Fox, 3, 24, 26 Gibbons, James Joseph, 26–27, 37, 42, 43, 59 Glass, Hugh, 17–18 gold, 5–7, 19, 23, 26, 33, 47, 119 gold mining, 6, 33, 38, 47. See also gold gold rush, 23–24, 26 gold strikes, 38 Goodwin, J. M., 41 Great Northern Railway (GN), 122; avalanche on, 63; building, 57; workers, 57, 68 Great Northern Railway Disaster. See Topping v. Great Northern Railway Company; Wellington avalanche guides and guidebooks, 19–22 hard-rock mining, 42 Harrington, William “Snow King,” 99 Hastings, James K., 26, 29...