Maya Political Science: Time, Astronomy, and the Cosmos

Index

index Abaj Takalik: Stela 2, 93; Stela 3, 93 ab’ta (title), 144 (see also Seibal) accession glyph, 37, 40 Actun Can Stela 1, 145 Adams, Richard E. W., 50, 150, 167 Aegean, 46 agency, kings’, 6, 51, 276 agrupación. See reducción Aguateca: and Dos Pilas, 199; as k’atun seat, 167; population size of, 32; and Seibal, 207; Stela 2, 245 Ah Canul (province), 26 Ah K’in Chel (province), 26, 28 Aimers, James, 253 Ajaw (day), 67, 271, 288, 289. See also K’atun 1 Ajaw; K’atun 2 Ajaw; K’atun 7 Ajaw; K’atun 8 Ajaw; K’atun 11 Ajaw; K’atun 13 Ajaw ajaw (title), 26, 30, 36, 38, 52, 265, 270; etymology of, 38, 92–93; and Emblem Glyph, 41, 43; and k’atun seats, 75– 76; roles of, 288; and “shouting,” 38, 92–93, 269, 288; and subordinates, 51, 284 (see also yajaw); and territory ruled, 7; and time, 289. See also k’ul ajaw ajawlil, 7, 38, 118 aj k’in, 78, 288 aj kuchkab’ (title), 39 aj k’uhun (scribe), 37, 39, 101, 269, 288 almanac. See calendar; tzolk’in altar: column, 127, 226; Giant Ajaw, 128, 130, 170, 179, 196, 202 (see also Caracol, Giant Ajaw altars); zoomorphic , 180. See also captive; specific sites Altar de Sacrificios: burial, 128, 150; lunar calendar, 74; as may seat, 168 Alur, 45 analogy: defined, 2–3; direct-historical, 3, 275, 283 (see also direct-historical approach); Classic Maya to Greeks, 22–23, 45, 258; Classic Maya to Lacandon , 18; general comparative, 3; sources of, 4, 7–18; use of, 3–4 ancestors, 20, 30, 147, 178, 192, 242, 276–277, 283–284; and burning incense , 153–154; and k’atun ritual, 81, 150; north as home of (see north). See also dotted scrolls; down-gazing head; Paddlers Ancient Maya, The, 23 Andrews, E. Wyllys, v, 236 Annales school, 52 Aoyama, Kazuo, 284 archaic state, 6, 285 Arroyo de Piedra, 197, 267 Ashmore, Wendy, 253 astronomy: observational, 287; predictive , 11, 57, 287 audiencia. See Guatemala, Real Audiencia de August, 3114 B.C., 58, 67, 73 autosacrifice, 81, 165, 270, 290 Avendaño y Loyola, fray Andrés de, 76 Aveni, Anthony, 278 Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. ax (b’aat), 101, 102, 258; event (ch’ak), 111, 175, 192, 195, 199; and kalomte’ glyph, 37, 38, 265 axis mundi, 20, 281 Aztec: calendar, 60; dual rulership among, 265–266, 269; and Flowery Wars, 261, 272 backrack holding god head, 108, 146, 162; death god head, 133, 142, 154, 251; Maize God head, 128, 173, 249; yearbearer head, 149 b’akab’, 80, 229 b’ak’tun, 53, 63, 74; cycle, 72, 84; ending , at Tikal, 106; and may cycle, 178, 275, 279; quadripartition of, 264, 279 b’ak’tun, completion of: in 1618, 82; and arrival of strangers, 238; B’ak’tun 7, 90; B’ak’tun 8, 238; B’ak’tun 9, 152, 238 (see also Seibal stelae); and establishment of capitals, 279; and ritual, 79, 82, 147, 289 Balakbal, 183, 184, 190 b’alam, 12, 39, 76, 78, 80, 149, 241, 249, 268, 269 (see also priest, jaguar); Classic Maya kings as, 270; initiation of, 112; selection of, 80 b’alche’, 79, 80, 133, 251, 252 Bali, 46 Ball, Joseph W., 226 ballcourt (b’ate’), 253–258, 273–274; and E-Groups, 231, 253; and k’atunending ritual, 230–231, 274; as liminal zone, 253; and location near causeway, 257; logographs for, 253, 254; Preclassic, at Nakbe, 253; Preclassic , in the isthmian area, 252; Preclassic , in the Yucatán peninsula, 231. See also ballgame; specific sites ballgame, 252–258, 273–274; as “conquest ,” 273; between Copán and Quiriguá, 253; in formal courts (see ballcourt); with human body as ball, 254, 255, 256, 258; with human skull as ball, 258; and nab glyph, 254, 256; and period endings, 257, 274; political role of, 252; as ritual warfare, 113, 273; and sacrifice, 150, 253, 273; on staircase, 253, 254, 256, 257, 258, 262, 273 Barthel, Thomas S., 42, 47, 49, 168 b’atab’, 26, 27, 28, 30, 36, 38, 39, 102, 258, 269; among Itza of Petén, 268; role in k’atun-ending ritual, 79, 81; and warfare, 260. See also kalomte’ b’atab’il, 26, 39 Baudez, Claude F., 53, 147, 177, 251 Becker, Marshall, 22, 26 beheading. See decapitation Bejucal, 145, 166, 267 Berlin, Heinrich, 40 Blanton, Richard E...