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x Acknowledgments Acknowledgments As in any large, complex undertaking such as this book and the excavation that preceded it—a two-part operation stretching over two decades—many people were involved and deserve our thanks. The list that follows cannot be comprehensive due to the many years intervening. Nonetheless, an attempt is made here to recall those who contributed their time, talents , and resources to this archaeological project. The Excavation To Dottoressa Elena Lattanzi, Soprintendente Archaeologica della Calabria, we owe the original invitation made in 1983 to participate in pioneering research in this vast, archaeologically rich, and comparatively little-known region of southern Italy. Her consistent support thereafter resulted in official concessions from the Ministero dei Beni Culturali ed Ambientali. These concessions have been renewed annually from 1983 to the present and have allowed us to carry out several projects. The first was an intensive survey in the chora of ancient Croton, a territory of some 250 km2 stretching from the modern city of Crotone in the northeast to the Tacina valley in the south, including Capo Colonna. Two more projects, both in the area of the survey, were carried out from 1987 to 1991: the excavation of the site of Capo Alfiere, the subject of this book, and the excavation of the site of Torre Bugiafro, a Greek farm near the modern town of Isola Capo Rizzuto. We are grateful to Dottoressa Lattanzi for her unflagging interest in this work and her constant encouragement over the years. To Dottoressa Lattanzi’s successor, Pier Giovanni Guzzo, our thanks are also extended. The site of Capo Alfiere in 1987 was a grain field under cultivation. In addition to the legalities of the state, the assent of the landowners was required before excavation could start. The owners were proud and independent Calabrians , of a people who had faced centuries of incursions by Goths, Byzantines, Normans, and Saracens; they would not allow lightly a troop of foreign, trowelwielding archaeologists to enter their domain. Moreover , the property consisted of nine narrow parallel strips of land owned by nine different family members , each with a variety of differing interests. From the outset they commanded our respect. Were it not for the timely intervention of Francesco Crugliano— affectionately known as “Zi’ Ciu” (Zio Francesco)— the honorary inspector of the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici per la Calabria, the crucial assent in all likelihood would never have been obtained. Negotiations went on for three days while spirits veered between hope and despair. Zi’ Ciu’s enthusiasm, energy, and finely honed powers of persuasion won out in the end, saving the day and the site. Permission was obtained to occupy the location for two months during the summer of 1987 (it was renewed again in 1990), with compensation for the lost crop. The dramatic days leading up This opus benefited greatly from the diverse input of all of the members of my dissertation committee, and I would like to thank them for their efforts on my behalf, both in this instance and in the past. I am particularly indebted to Professor James A. Neely, who oversaw the production of this tome and my graduate career in general, and to Professor Joseph C. Carter for inviting me to work at Capo Alfiere, giving me the freedom to set the course of the excavations and the support necessary to carry the work to completion. It is also pleasant to have this opportunity to extend my gratitude to friends and colleagues in Calabria who facilitated the project over the course of several seasons, Dottoressa Elena Lattanzi, Superintendent of Antiquities for Calabria, and Dottor Roberto Spadea in his capacity as Inspector at Crotone, and prehistorians Dott. Domenico Marino and Dott. Giuseppe Nicoletti. Additionally, I must thank the floral and faunal specialists in Rome, Dott. Lorenzo Costantini and Dott. Salvatore Scali for their contributions to the project. Finally, recognizing that the results I am presenting here are actually the fruits of the labors of a cast of dozens, I would like to thank all those who dug at Capo Alfiere, with special appreciation to site supervisors David Brown (1987) and Marina Markantonatos (1990); to Juana Ibáñez, the lab supervisor; to geomorphologist Jim Abbott; and to artist/ architect Eve Beckwith, many of whose drawings grace these pages. Jon Morter, Austin, 1992 xi Jon Morter and Joseph Coleman Carter to the arrival of the team on the site and the opening of the excavation in June of 1987 will be remembered by this writer...

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