Between Art and Artifact: Archaeological Replicas and Cultural Production in Oaxaca, Mexico

Index

Italic page numbers refer to figures. Index Abrahams, Roger, 9 aguardiente, 31 Aguilar sisters, 183n9 alebrijes, 1, 3, 175n2. See also wood carvings Alianza Bracero-Proa (BraceroProa Alliance), 34 Alonso, Ana, 114, 147, 185n1 Anderson, Benedict, 175n5 anthropology: and ethno-racial identity , 145, 148–149, 154, 158, 163, 164; and nationalism, 74; and study of Oaxaca, 18–23, 179–180n22; and tourism studies, 176n15; and wood carvings, 45–46. See also INAH Antigua, Guatemala, 21, 153, 163, 167 Appadurai, Arjun, xii, 162–163 Aragón, Fidencio, 62 Aragón, Leticia, 52–53 Aragón Hernández, Antonio, 50–54, 181n12 archaeological replicas: and aesthetic codes, xii, 25; and authenticity, ix– xii, 6, 67–68, 75–76, 81–82, 135, 146; consumer base for, 115–121, 135– 136, 172; and cultural patrimony, xii, 19–20, 65, 68, 77, 119–120, 122, 129, 133, 135–136, 172; early production of, 83–85; and INAH, 183n12; as inappropriate cultural production , 4–5, 6; and instability of archaeological sign, 171–172; and jaguar motifs, ix, x, 131–132, 132, 174; and material culture, xi, xii, 6; narratives of, 113, 128, 162; perceptions of, 25, 55–56, 117–119; and power relations, xi, 8, 173; and preHispanic artifacts, xi, 6, 67, 117– 118, 121, 128–133, 172; seriality of, x, 76, 104, 121, 134, 135; terminology of, 5–6; and tourist art market, xi, xii–xiii, 8, 20, 23, 61; and vendors at Theban Necropolis, 55–57, 75–76 archaeological replicas, trade in Arrazola : ceramic replicas, 95, 97, 99, 100–101, 102, 103, 105, 106–107, 126, 129, 131, 133, 171; designs appropriated by others, 98, 131; designs based on Monte Albán artifacts , 3–4, 6, 7, 95, 98, 99–100, 101, 128; and detail work, 102, 103; drying and firing techniques, 101, 102, 206 | Between Art and Artifact archaeological replicas, trade in Arrazola (continued) 103; and ethno-racial identity of vendors, 136, 144, 145, 146, 150–152, 153, 154, 159–166, 167; and excavation work, 61; as front, 74, 153; historical development of, 24, 29, 38, 61, 67, 82, 84, 182n4; imported replicas , 95; legal advice for, 69–70, 181n8; and Monte Albán Special Project, 71–72; production of, 17, 23, 25, 82–83, 86–87, 89, 90–93, 94, 95–101, 102, 103, 106–107, 164, 171; quality of work, 76, 82; and preHispanic artifacts, 6, 128–133; reselling of premade replicas, 67, 82– 83, 84, 85, 87, 89–90, 94, 182–183n8; as self-taught form, 107; selling patterns of, 89, 122; sold as original artifacts , xi, 61, 67–68, 75–76, 94, 109–111, 120, 122, 125, 135, 172; and stone masks, 85–86, 88, 103, 104– 107, 106, 125, 182n7; stone replicas, 67, 95, 103–104, 171, 182n7; tools and materials for, 100–101, 105–107, 129; tourists’ knowledge of, 49, 55, 67, 103–104, 171; and vendor associations , 70–73, 74, 76, 80, 88, 96, 126, 181n9, 181n11, 181n13, 182n6, 186n7; and vendors at Monte Albán, xi, 3, 17, 19, 20, 21, 55, 56, 61–65, 66, 67, 72–73, 78–80, 82, 87, 88–94, 108–111, 126, 150; vendors’ earnings from, 92, 93, 94, 96, 183n11; woodcarving trade’s relationship to, 3– 5, 23–24, 82–83, 90, 93, 96–98, 131, 182–183n8; working conditions of, 93–94 archaeological sites: and Breglia’s approach , xiii; conservation and restoration of, 73; and interplay of power and meaning, 24; and national cultural heritage, 10–11; reconstruction of, 122–123; state-sponsored monuments, 9; and tourism, 60. See also specific sites archaeology: and cultural production, 5, 44; ethnography of, 24; library resources on, 100; narrative of, 113– 115; and nationalism, 9, 10–11, 74, 175n5 ARIPO, 20, 84 Arnold, Lee, 112 Arqueología Mexicana, 114–115 “Arrazola, Cuna de los Alebrijes” sign, 1, 2 Arrazola, Oaxaca: Abastos market, 20, 35–36; and alcoholism, 31; All Saints’ Day celebrations in, 36; anthropological study of, 18–21; artisan market of, 2; and Bracero Program , 33–35, 35, 38, 178n12; Day of the Dead celebrations in, 26, 49; economic activities of, 17–21, 29, 33–35, 36, 38–41, 55, 64, 75, 90, 178n10, 179n17, 179n19; education in, 33, 40, 87, 90, 92, 130, 178n9; and ejido system, 32–33, 35, 178n6, 178n8; estate home of, 30, 31, 32, 33, 41–42, 41, 69; ethno-racial identity in, 44, 145, 146, 149–150, 152, 153–157, 159–165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 186n6; as finca, 30–32, 177n2; history...