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Tables 1. Demographic characteristics of the counties studied (2000) 18 2. Largest cities in each county (2000) 20 3. Changes in afdc/tanf caseloads 42 4. Changes in food stamp recipients 44 5. Changes in ssi recipients 45 6. Sources of household income 45 7. Age distributions (2000) 45 8. Labor force involvement of persons sixteen to sixty-four 52 9. Unemployment rates of persons sixteen and older 53 10. Work status of employed persons sixteen and older 55 11. Percent of employed civilian population sixteen and older in industries which produce for local consumption (2000) 56 12. Percent of employed civilian population sixteen and older in industries which produce for export (2000) 58 13. Changes in employment between 1996 and 2000 61 14. Educational levels of persons twenty-five and older (2000) 63 15. Income measures (2000) 66 16. Poverty rates and ranks for persons in the counties studied 70 17. Poverty rates for persons by cluster 71 18. Poverty rates for single-mother families with related children under eighteen 72 19. Poverty rates for persons under eighteen 73 20. Percent of all households that include subfamilies 74 21. Changes in population and per capita income (1996–2001) 75 22. Caseload declines in Maverick and Starr counties (October 1996 to October 2002) 160 LIST OF TABLESAND FIGURES Figures 1. tanf/afdc cases, Kentucky 40 2. tanf/afdc cases, South Dakota 40 3. tanf/afdc cases, Texas 41 4. tanf/afdc cases, Mississippi 41 5. Food stamp recipients 43 viii List of Tables and Figures ...

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