Extraterrestrial Life Debate, Antiquity to 1915: A Source Book

CONTENTS

CONTENTS List of Figures xi List of Tables xiii Preface xv P A R T O N E Antiquity to Newton O N E The Debate in Antiquity 3 T W O From Augustine to the Fifteenth Century 14 T H R E E From Copernicus to Bruno 35 F O U R Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Pascal 51 F I V E Fontenelle and Huygens 72 S I X Newton, Bentley, and Derham 109 P A R T T W O The Eighteenth Century S E V E N Astronomers and Extraterrestrials 129 E I G H T Extraterrestrials and the Enlightenment 182 P A R T T H R E E From 1800 to 1860 N I N E Intensification of the Debate after 1800 233 T E N Before the Whewell Debate 297 E L E V E N Whewell’s Of the Plurality of Worlds and Responses 333 P A R T F O U R From 1860 to 1915 T W E L V E New Approaches to an Ancient Question 369 c o n t e n t s viii T H I R T E E N The Late Nineteenth Century 438 F O U R T E E N The Controversy over the Canals of Mars 470 Conclusion 518 Appendix The History of Ideas of Extraterrestrial Life Research Program 522 Selected Bibliography 526 Permissions 542 Index 544 c o n t e n t s ix ...