American Sanctuary: Understanding Sacred Spaces

Index

Index Italicized page numbers refer to illustrations. Aakaar, 110 Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture, 14n34 Adams, Elijah, 31 African American yard art: as commentary on African American history, 8, 90, 98 –99; ephemeral nature of, 101; images of, 92, 96–97, 99–100; links to African practices, 90, 94, 98; links to Judeo-Christianity, 90, 93–94, 99; raw materials of, 89 –90; and recycling, 94–95, 98 –99, 101; as spiritual expression, 89 –90; use of metaphor in, 90, 99, 101. See also African Village in America; Birmingham, Alabama; The Book of the 7 Dispensation by St. James; The Eye of Magni ficence; The Third World; Throne of the Third Heaven of the Nations Millennium General Assembly African Americans: religious traditions of, in eighteenth-century South Carolina, 162– 163; yard artists, 91 (see also Hampton, James; Harper, Bob; Holley, Lonnie; Minter, Joe; Turner, Cleveland) African Village in America, 99, 100 Agamas, 118 Albanese, Catherine, 11, 230 Alhambra, 47, 53 All Saints Parish (South Carolina), 162 All Souls Church (New York), 47, 61n32 American Institute of Architects, 46 American Revolution, 20 American Sacred Space, 10 Anderson, Marian, 209 Anglican church: and beliefs about immanence of evil, 162; and beliefs about immanence of God, 159 –161; changing theology of, in eighteenth century, 159, 164–165, 172 (see also nature as sacred, and natural religion); importance of moral virtues and, 166; importance of regularity and, 167; new focus on appearance of graveyards in mid-eighteenth century, 174 Anglican church buildings in the eighteenth century: arched windows of, 162; barrelvaulted ceilings of, 159 –160, 163–164; as barrier against evil forces, 7; changes in architecture of, 163, 171, 175; shape of architecture mirrors shape of gravestones, 159; symmetry and, 167–168 (see also regularity); tray ceilings of, 163–164, 170 The Apostle, 247 Archaeologus, 168 archaryas (religious authorities), 108 –109 Archdiocese of Los Angeles: criticisms of, 147– 148; cutbacks in social services of, 146; size of, 146; wealthy parishioners of, 146 arches: in Central Park, 49, 50 (see also Rustic Arch; Trefoil Arch); on gravestones, 157, 158, 159, 172; and windows, 162 architecture: Baptist churches and, 162; Catholic Church and, 9, 18, 129 –130, 135–137, 139 –142, 145, 149 (see also “Built of Living Stones: Art, Architecture, and Worship”; Catholic church buildings; Ugly as Sin); classical style and, 204, 207; civic, 24; color theory and, 51, 45, 47, 51, 62n47 (see also Downing, Andrew Jackson; Ruskin, John); Moorish-Gothic, 37 (see also Alhambra ); Georgian, 20; Gothic, 3– 4, 7, 37, 42– 43; Gothic revival, 40, 44, 46, 49, 53, 57–58, 62n42, 149; Hindu temples in the United States and, 118, 120–121; megachurches and, 225–243; moral, 44; New England meetinghouses and, 18 –20, 21–23, 24–25, 32–33, 162; natural world as source of inspiration for, 42; Presbyterian churches and, 162; reformed denominations and, 17–18; Romanesque revival, 40, 49, 62n42; rustic, 49, 50, 51; southern meetinghouses and, 159 –168. See also Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture; Anglican church buildings in the eighteenth century; cathedrals ; Central Park; church architecture; Congregational meetinghouses; eruvs; Lincoln Nelson_AmerSanctuary 11/30/05 2:33 PM Page 271 architecture (continued) Memorial; monumental architecture; New England meetinghouses; Smithsonian Institution ; Tiananmen Arnheim, Rudolph, 242 Association for the Advancement of Truth in Art, 44– 45, 57 Austin, Rev. David, 26 –27 axis mundi, 3 Ayyappa, 103, 117, 124n2 Bacik, James, 146 Bacon, Henry: intended symbolism of Lincoln Memorial, 207–208; Martin Luther King subverts intended symbolism of Lincoln Memorial, 210–211 Baptist churches: architecture of, 162; embrace of evangelicalism of, 237; use of imagery of, 232. See also Graham, Billy barrel-vaulted ceilings, 160, 177nn7–8; historical and religious significance of, 159, 163. See also Anglican church buildings in the eighteenth century Barry, Marion, 67, 81n6 Beardsley, John, 8 –9 beauty: culture as prerequisite of, 4; and regularity, 169, 171 Beijing, China, 212, 215, 220 Bellows, Rev. Henry W., 47 Belvedere, 38, 51. See also Central Park Benjamin, Asher, 33 Benjamin, Walter, 4 Bethesda Fountain, 38, 53–55. See also Central Park Bethesda Terrace, 37, 38–39, 56 –58. See also Central Park Beveridge, Bishop, 166 Bharata Mata, 119 Bharatija Jhanata Party, 119, 125n18 Birkenhead Abbey, 49 Birmingham, Alabama, 97–98, 101. See also African American yard art Bonomi, Patricia, 165 The Book of Eruv, 69 The Book of the 7 Dispensation by St. James, 94 Bowen, Penuel, 171 Brace, Charles, 48 bridges: in African American yard art, 99; in Central Park, 49, 50, 51, 52; as...