Gods of the Mississippi

INDEX

INDEX Abd-al Rahman, Ibrahima, 17–18, 27 Acadians, 161, 166 Adams, John, 18 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The, 2, 90, 205. See also Twain, Mark Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The, 2, 90. See also Twain, Mark Africa, 17–20; Angola, 20, 22; Bight of Benin, 20, 25, 27; Bight of Biafra, 27; Kongo, 20, 22, 27; Senegambia, 20–21, 22, 25, 27 African Americans: and church decoration, 122; and conversion, 115–16; and domesticity, 121; and education, 142–43, 167; and fraternal orders, 116–18; and Great Migration, 116; and HolinessPentecostalism , 123–25; and Louisiana plantations, 166–67; market economy, 118–20; and material culture, 120–23; and memory, 176; and preaching, 138–39; and print media, 119–20; and respectability, 121–22; and revivals, 115; and sanctification, 124; and train travel, 114–16, 118; and womanhood, 121 African Methodist Episcopal Church, 117, 144, 148 African religions, 17–35; music and dance, 27–29, 31; and ring shouts, 29; traditional religions, 23–24 Agency of Indian Affairs, 68 Agricultural Adjustment Act, 133 agriculture: and drought, 132; and itinerant workers, 135–37; Louisiana, 20–21; Mississippi, 47, 114; and sharecroppers, 131, 135–39, 147, 196; and tenant farmers, 130, 133, 135–39, 142, 143–50, 152n10, 194, 195, 196 Ahlstrom, Sydney, 6 Amazon River, 8, 210, 211–12 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 39, 42, 45–48, 51–53, 65 Andover Theological Seminary, 39 apocalypse, 76, 85–91, 183, 200 Arkansas Delta, 115, 122, 130–50, 194, 196, 198 Arkansas River, 79 Assemblies of God, 138 Atlantic World, 7, 37, 208; Black Atlantic, 17–35, 206 Baird, Robert, 3–5 Baldwin, Samuel, 87 Bambara, 21, 22; cosmology of, 23; and grisgris , 23 Banaras (India), 8 Baptists, 30, 75, 85, 118, 119–23, 124–25, 136–37, 140, 141–42, 195 Baton Rouge (Louisiana), 161 Beecher, Catherine, 74 Beecher, Lyman, 74 Belaúnde, Víctor Andrés, 211–12 Beltrami, Giacomo, 10, 57, 58, 61–64 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 61 bonfires, 161–77 Boston (Massachusetts), 39 Boutwell, William, 65, 68 Brainerd, David, 37, 46 Bullard, Isaac, 76, 77–79, 80, 85, 91. See also Vermont Pilgrims Bullen, Joseph, 40–41 Burned-Over-District, 75 Cabet, Etienne, 84, 109 Cahokia, 207 Campbellites, 89 Canada, 59, 62, 78 Cane Ridge revival (Kentucky), 77 Caribbean, 7, 19–20, 26, 27, 206, 208 Cartwright, Peter, 75, 77 Cash, Johnny, 11, 182–204 Cash, June, 187, 191, 193 220 | Index Cass, Leon, 64, 67 Catholicism: and African Americans, 167–68; Afro-Catholicism, 20, 22; antiCatholicism , 66–67, 211; and cemeteries, 171–74; and children, 171–72; and devotionals, 163, 164; and domesticity, 171–72; and Filipinos, 208; in Louisiana, 161–77; and Marists, 165, 167; in Minnesota, 207; in the Mississippi Delta, 136, 140; and sacraments, 24–26, 167; and Second Vatican Council, 173 Cherokee Indians, 37, 45–46; and Sixtown District, 40; and treaties, 44 Chickasaw Indians, 10, 37, 40–43, 46–55; and American empire, 36–55 Chippewa Indians, 59–60, 62, 64, 67 Choctaw Indians, 10, 37, 40–43, 46–55; and American empire, 36–55 Christian, William, 124–25 Christian Rural Fellowship, 131 Christian Science, 90 Christianization: of Native American, 41–43, 45–46, 49–52; in British Empire, 56–57; and Zebulon Pike expedition, 65–66 Christmas, 161, 171 Church of God in Christ, 142–43 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. See Mormonism civil religion, 10, 56–73 Civil War, 1, 7, 29, 37, 90, 114, 117, 162, 166, 208 Civilian Conservation Corps, 702 Clay, Henry, 18 Code Noir, 24–25, 26 Cole, Thomas, 96 colonialism: English, 37; French, 19–27, 37; Spanish, 27, 37, 39, 45 Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, 115–16 Commerce (Missouri), 80, 99, 102. See also Nauvoo Confucianism, 208–209 Congo River, 10, 19 Congo Square, 27–30 Congregationalism, 39 conservationism, 69–70 conversion: Indian missions, 39–41, 51; and schools, 45–50 Cornelius, Elias, 45, 48 Creek Indians, 37, 44 Creole: African, 20, 26, 30, 208 Cuba, 208–209 Day, Dorothy, 134 Dearborn, Henry, 43 Deism, 85 Denominationalism, 4, 136–38, 140–41 Disciples of Christ, 144 Dollard, John, 134, 138 Dow, Lorenzo, 75 Eads, James Buchanan, 1–2 Eddy, Mary Baker, 90 Eliot, John, 37 Eliot, T. S., 68 Episcopalianism, 40, 136, 141, 208 Euphrates River, 10, 19 farming. See agriculture Finley, James, 77, 79 Flint, Timothy, 75, 76, 77, 78–79, 87 folk religion, 11, 186, 194–202 Ganges River, 8–9, 56–57, 69, 210 Gaustad, Edwin, 5 Gor...