Shakers, Mormons, and Religious Worlds: Conflicting Visions, Contested Boundaries

Index

249 Index abolitionism, 64 Abraham (biblical), 128 absolutist rhetoric, 10 accommodation, 16 Adam and Eve: and celibacy of Shakers, 104, 106, 109–110, 124, 127; corruption of, 109–110; and eternal marriage of Mormons, 90; and original sin, 104, 106, 127; and temple garments of Mormons, 93–94 Adamondi-Ahman settlement, 67 adultery, 174, 226n163 African Americans, 60 Albanese, Catherine, 97, 192 Alexander, Thomas G., 92, 139, 171–72 Allen, Elisha, 9 Amish, 198 Andrews, Edward Deming, 155–56 androgyny, 101 Antes, Phillip, 162 apostasy: and Mormons, 67, 75–76, 178; and Shakers, 25, 30, 107, 197, 204n23 Arrington, Leonard J., 170, 188, 192 The Ascetic Self (Flood), 119 asceticism, 119 autonomy of sectarian groups, 12 Bagley, Will, 189 Bates, Betsy, 14, 19 Bates, Issachar, 40, 48 Bell, Catherine, 104–105 Benson, Carl (pseudonym), 116 “Beware of False Prophets” editorial, 60–61 Bible, 128 Bierstadt, O. A., 113–14 Bill, Aaron, 19–20 Bishop, Rufus: on cholera refugees, 15–16; and Era of Manifestations, 157–58; on visitors, 14; and Wells’s three-tiered schema, 125, 127 blood atonement rhetoric, 189–90 book burnings, 19–20, 205n50 boundaries: body as, 47, 53; and celibacy , 102–103, 104, 109–111, 119, 121, 123, 150; crises relative to, 98; and Era of Manifestations, 168–69; gathering orders as, 37; importance of, to Shakers, 45, 119, 153; individual focus of, 98; maintenance of, 103, 119; markers of, 102, 104, 119, 203n1; and meetings of Shakers, 166; membership as, 30–31, 34; and polygamy, 102–103, 104, 128, 132, 139, 141, 146, 147–50, 197; semipermeability of, 49, 50; between the Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. 250 · index sexes, 44–45; Shaker villages as, 4–5, 9, 11, 29, 48–49; temple garments as, 93–96, 98, 99, 197; and “Zion’s camp” expedition, 65–66 Branch Davidians, 198, 214n109 Braselton, William, 43 Brewer, Priscilla J., 16, 156 Bristed, Charles Astor, 116 Bronson, Hannah, 22 Brown, Homer, 180, 186 Buddhism, 105 Bushman, Richard L., 92 Bushnell, Richard, 127, 128 Busro, Indiana, 43, 200 California, 89 “candle of the Lord” surveillance, 191 Cannon, George Q.: on monogamy, 130; on polygamy, 131, 132, 137–38, 139, 145–46 Canterbury, New Hampshire, 22, 27, 28 Catholicism: anti-Catholicism, 112–13; celibacy in, 105, 107–108; and marriage , 101; mortification rhetoric, 120 Cattaraugus tribe, 55 celibacy, 105–128; adjustments to doctrine of, 123–28; and androgynous state of God, 101; and boundaries , 102–103, 104, 109–111, 119, 121, 123, 150; in Catholicism, 105, 107–108; cost of, 121–28; defenses of, 108; diminished returns of, 121–22, 150; and doctrine of Shakers , 41, 42; and expectations of visitors, 21; and identity of Shakers, 118–19, 123; internal opposition to, 159; and Ireland’s followers, 6; of Jesus, 108–109, 120, 126, 127; and marriage, 109, 112, 115–16, 117; of modern Shakers, 196; mortification rhetoric, 120–21, 123; and motivational schema of Shakers, 100–102; and original sin, 104, 106, 127; origins of Shaker celibacy, 105–108; public reaction to, 103, 112–19; as ritual, 104–105; and salvation, 125; as sign, 111–19; and spiritual superiority , 111–12, 114, 118–19; and tension, 103, 121; and visitors to villages, 21; and Wells’s three-tiered schema, 125–28; in world religions, 105 censorship: by Mormons, 75; by Shakers , 19–20, 205n50 Century, 113 chaos, fear of, 18, 21 childbirth, 114 children: and polygamy, 129, 130; and Shaker villages, 33, 122–23, 159 Chisholm, Absalom, 46 cholera pandemics, 15–16 Christian Restorationist movement, 42 Christians, early, 107–108 Clawson, Rudger, 131, 148–49 Clay County, 63–67 Clayton, William, 75, 91, 129 cleanliness, spiritual, 161 Clements, Gilbert, 178 cognitive anthropology, 100 Commerce, Illinois, 68 communion sacrament, 185–87, 188 The Communistic Societies of the United States (Nordhoff), 116 communitas: defined, 25; normative communitas, 5, 25–26, 35, 38; shift from normative to existential, 35, 38, 44; spontaneous or existential, 5, 35–36, 38, 48 complex marriage, 113 A Concise Statement of the Principles of the Only True Church According to the Gospel of the Present Appearance of Christ (Meacham), 107 confessions, 191–93, 229n48 Congressional Globe, 135 Conkin, Paul K., 43 Cooper, James Fenimore, 13, 36 coreligionists, 11 corruption of humankind, 109–111 Council of Fifty, 68, 91 Cowdery, Oliver, 55, 58 Cowley, Matthias F., 149 index · 251 Cramer, Philander, 158, 160, 161, 163 cults, 198 cultural feedback, 103 Darrow, David, 19, 31...