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Lively and well written, Bread and Circuses analyzes theories that have treated mass culture as either a symptom or a cause of social decadence. Discussing many of the most influential and representative theories of mass culture, it ranges widely from Greek and Roman origins, through Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Ortega y Gasset, T. S. Eliot, and the theorists of the Frankfurt Institute, down to Marshall McLuhan and Daniel Bell, Brantlinger considers the many versions of negative classicism and shows how the belief in the historical inevitability of social decay—a belief today perpetuated by the mass media themselves—has become the dominant view of mass culture in our time. While not defending mass culture in its present form, Brantlinger argues that the view of culture implicit in negative classicism obscures the question of how the media can best be used to help achieve freedom and enlightenment on a truly democratic basis.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
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  1. Bread & Circuses
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  1. Title Page, Copyright Page
  2. pp. i-6
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  1. Bread & Circuses
  2. p. 3
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. 7-8
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  1. Bread & Circuses
  2. p. 5
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  1. Preface
  2. pp. 9-16
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  1. 1. lntroduction: The Two Classicisms
  2. pp. 17-52
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  1. Preface
  2. pp. 9-14
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  1. 2. The Classical Roots of the Mass Culture Debate
  2. pp. 53-81
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  1. 1. Introduction: The Two Classicisms
  2. pp. 17-52
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  1. 3. "The Opium of the People"
  2. pp. 82-112
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  1. 2. The Classical Roots of the Mass Culture Debate
  2. pp. 53-81
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  1. 4. Some Nineteenth-Century Themes: Decadence, Masses, Empire, Gothic Revivals
  2. pp. 113-153
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  1. 3. “The Opium of the People”
  2. pp. 82-112
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  1. 5. Crowd Psychology and Freud's Model of Perpetual Decadence
  2. pp. 154-183
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  1. 4. Some Nineteenth-Century Themes: Decadence, Masses, Empire, Gothic Revivals
  2. pp. 113-153
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  1. 6. Three Versions of Modern Classicism: Ortega, Eliot, Camus
  2. pp. 184-221
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  1. 5. Crowd Psychology and Freud’s Model of Perpetual Decadence
  2. pp. 154-183
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  1. 7. The Dialectic of Enlightenment
  2. pp. 222-248
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  1. 6. Three Versions of Modern Classicism: Ortega, Eliot, Camus
  2. pp. 184-221
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  1. 8. Television: Spectacularity vs. McLuhanism
  2. pp. 249-277
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  1. 7. The Dialectic of Enlightenment
  2. pp. 222-248
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  1. 9. Conclusion: Toward Post-Industrial Society
  2. pp. 278-298
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  1. 8. Television: Spectacularity vs. McLuhanism
  2. pp. 249-277
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 299-309
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  1. 9. Conclusion: Toward Post-Industrial Society
  2. pp. 278-298
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 299-308
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  1. Bread & Circuses
  2. p. 309
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  1. Bread & Circuses
  2. p. 2
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  1. Bread & Circuses
  2. p. 4
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