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T'angStudies 6 (1988) Sui-T'ang Studies in Japan in 1986* SEO TA TSUHIKO 1t* ~ :ilim translated by John Lee ST. MARY'S UNIVERSITY Reviewing some seventy of the studies on the Sui-T'ang period published in 1986, I was struck by the following points: 1)There were a number of publications that marked the culmination of many years of research by certain authors; 2) There was progress in utilizing such newly available sources as the Turfan documents and the Ch'ien-T'ang-chih-chai ts'ang-chih -=f m~ • • ~ ; 3) There was a deepening of understanding between the researchers of ancient Japanese history and of Sui-T'ang China on the question of the Iii-ling tl!4>system. In China, books and periodicals focusing on the T'ang continued to be published. In the field of history alone, one might mention Essays on the History of the Wei, Chin, Sui, and T'ang Dynasties (Wei Chin Sui T'ang shih lun-chi IIfi- ~ m 5f. ~ ~ ), Bulletin of the Chinese T'ang History Society (Chung-kuo T'ang Shih Hsiieh-hui hui-k'an ~ ~ m ~ ~ fi fi fiJ), Essays by the T'ang History Society (T'ang Shih Hsiieh-hui lun-wen-chi 1M ~ ~ fi~)( ~), and Essays on T'ang History (T'ang shih lun-ts'ung m 5f. ~ M.). Joining these were publications on Tun-huang and Turfan documents. In October, the Chinese T'ang History Society held its third annual conference at Kuang-yiian JjG in Szechuan. Delegations of Japanese and Hong Kong scholars also participated in the conference . T'ang Studies, the official organ of the T'ang Studies Society based in the United States, published its fourth issue in 1986. Should the exchange of information and research continue to be systematized and grow among these organizations, such topics as the Iii-ling system and kinship, which enjoy widespread interest *OriginalIy published in Shigaku zasshi ~ ~ • ~ 96.5 (May, 1987). 103 Lee: SZ Summary among researchers of different countries, will likely assume even greater importance. Books. With his Manors in the Advanced Areas of the T'ang (Tiidai senjin chitai no shoen 1M ft ~ j1§!& ~ Q) m:mJ), Hino Kaizaburo B ff rm.=: ~~brought together in one volume a series of essays on the topic, which he has published over the years in the Kurume Daigaku sangyo keizai kenkyU R m*"*~~~~iff ~ ~ . The book has more than 700 pages and contains discussions on the location, capital formation, manpower, taxation, management, and labor relations of manors in economically advanced areas of the T' ang, that is to say,the North China plain and the southern banks of the Yangtze River. It also offers comments on the difference between resident and absentee landlords and its historical significance. Chapter 3, which treats capital formation, and Chapter 4, which deals with manpower, are especially impressive for the precision and detail of their arguments. It would not be an exaggeration to say that, with the publication of this book, the T'ang manor has finally taken on a definite image. The book also suggests the great impact that the declining fortunes of manors had on the late T'ang countryside. Resulting, among other things, from the growth in market economy, this included a decrease in the holdings of manors, accompanied by a drastic increase in their number, a geographical fragmentation of manors, and the appearance of merchants as absentee landlords. In this sense, the book might be considered a prelude to the author's Volunteer Self-Defence Militias of the Late T'ang and Early Five Dynasties (Tiimatsu Godaisho jiei gigun kO 1M*1i. ft fJJ Q) § 1tJ ft. ~), whose first volume was published a year before. One also looks foward to the planned sequel to the present volume, titled Large Land Ownership in the FringeAreas of Szechuan (Hashoku hen'en chitai no daidochi shoyu B JUJt1 ~!& t,¥f Q) "*± !&EJTIf). Tonami Mamoru's • iJt ~ Studies of T'ang Political and Social History (Tiidai seiji shakai shi kenkyu 1M ft ~ ia*±~ ~ ~ ~) collects the author's writings from the pasty twenty or so years and arranges them by category. The book contains most of T'ang Studies 6 (1988) Tonami's well-known essays...

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