Langue et légitimation: la construction discursive du locuteur francophone éd. par Laurence Arrighi et Annette Boudreau (review)

populate it, and especially for its exploration of a variety of scientific and cultural disciplines. Finally, Vargas reminds us that despite the chilling cruelty of mankind, there is also in humanity a great power of resilience. Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania Nathalie G. Cornelius Linguistics edited by Bryan Donaldson Arrighi, Laurence, et Annette Boudreau, éd. Langue et légitimation: la construction discursive du locuteur francophone. Québec: PU de Laval, 2016. ISBN 978-2-76373174 -2. Pp. x + 235. With the remise en question of the “idealized native speaker,” researchers have worked to critically address “the speaker” in the study of language. Grappling with complexities and contradictions around constructing “language/s” and “speakers”— particularly in situations of linguistic and cultural (super)diversity—raises contested questions, such as legitimacy, value, authority, authenticity, and normativity, which intersect with identity and power. This volume grew out of a 2012 colloquium at the Université de Moncton on the discursive construction of the “Francophone speaker” in minority settings. The introduction situates the larger issues around the discursive construction of the Francophone speaker with respect to the case of acadien. Petraş examines the interplay of ordinary and expert discourses by which linguists name local Francophone language practices in Nova Scotia chiac, unlike most speakers, who refer to their own speech as acadjonne. Dubois studies intersections of identity, race, ethnicity and language around the “mythification” of le héros cadien in Louisiana. Amedegnato provides a critical perspective on the discursive formation (after Foucault) of la francophonie africaine in Sub-Saharan Africa. Canut’s nuanced but engaged anthropological perspective considers the fluid positioning of the “Francophone speaker”in Mali as related to power.Analyzing the use of French in anti-Francophone discourse during demonstrations by Malian migrant workers who had been deported from France, Canut brings into sharp focus the ongoing construction of public discourse around human migration between postcolonial Africa and Europe. In the Swiss context, Prikhodkine and Correia Saavedra offer a theoretically informed empirical study of the relationships between language practices deemed legitimate and stereotyping perceptions of ethnicity. Del Percio examines strategies of legitimation around the commodification of“local authenticity”in Fribourg.Galatanu examines the discursive construction of individual and collective Francophone identities in Romania. Turning to France, Martin and Forlot analyze the role of language ideologies 224 FRENCH REVIEW 91.4 Reviews 225 in the “auto-minorisation” by speakers in Picardie who devalue their own regional language practices. The volume is bookended by Klinkenberg’s intellectually lively and robust chapter on “la fabrique du francophone” and Mufwene’s far-reaching and thought-provoking ecological perspective on the differential evolution of French as a world language. The broad theme of language and legitimation around the discursive construction of the Francophone speaker exceeds any single volume. Some readers may wish for more focused discussions on key aspects surrounding the construction of minority language speaker and heritage language speaker identities, particularly in linguistically and culturally super-diverse settings where those identities may be highly racialized. For example, the notion of langue d’héritage as well as intersecting constructions of language, education, and race float through the chapters, without forming the focus of any of them. However, the book’s diverse chapters—all well written, methodologically solid and thematically interesting—will contribute to the reader’s engagement on different levels into this complex field of inquiry and reflection. Extensive bibliographies appear at the end of each chapter. This volume is a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners working on questions related to the construction of language/s and speaker identities in and across many disciplines, including sociolinguistics, anthropology, education, and applied linguistics. Sonoma State University (CA) Robert Train Maillet, Jean. Le fabuleux destin des noms propres devenus communs. Paris: Le Figaro, 2016. ISBN 978-2-8105-0759-7. Pp. 136. I begin this review with a brief quiz: in the following dialogue,which of the common nouns are derived from proper nouns? This exercise is worth six points. —Benjamin, pourquoi tu jettes ce club sandwich à la dinde à la poubelle? —Parce que la mayonnaise a tourné. Je prends plutôt des céréales. The correct answers represent the volume’s four divisions: common nouns derived from classical myths or...