The Political Possibilities in the Long Romantic Period
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Akeel Bilgrami is the Johnsonian Professor of Philosophy and the Director of the Heyman Center of the Humanities at Columbia University. He is the author of the books Belief and Meaning, Self- Knowledge and Resentment, and the forthcoming Politics and the Moral Psychology of Resentment.
Footnotes
1. This is such a constantly recurring theme in Bloom’s work that there is no point in singling out any particular book as a reference. Omens of the Millennium (New York: Riverhead Books, 1997) is only the most explicit.
2. See, among other works, The Roots of Romanticism (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2001), and Political Ideas in the Romantic Age (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2006).
3. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1973).
4. See Adorno and Horkheimer, Dialectic of the Enlightenment (New York; Continuum, 1976).
5. See Edward Said, Beginnings new edition (New York: Columbia UP, 2006).
6. See Hume’s discussion of value and practical reason in Book 3, Part 2, A Treatise of Human Nature (Oxford; Oxford UP, 2000).
7. See “The Analytic of the Sublime,” Critique of Judgement (Indianapolis; Hackett, 1987).
8. See in particular McDowell’s pioneering essay "Virtue and Reason,” in The Monist 62 (1979): 331–50.
9. See especially “The Book of Urizen,” but also “Jerusalem: The Emanation of the Giant Albion,” The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake, ed. David Erdman (New York; Anchor, 1997).
10. For such an understanding of Gandhi, see my “Occidentalism, The Very Idea: An Essay on the Enlightenment and Enchantment,” Critical Inquiry 32.3 (Spring, 2006), and “Gandhi, Newton, and the Enlightenment” in Karawan, McCkormack, and Reynolds, eds. Values and Violence (Netherlands; Springer, 2008).
11. (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1984).
12. For a fine essay on the conceptual links between changing conceptions of nature and political economy in this period in England, see Simon Schaffer’s “The Earth’s Fertility as a Social Fact in Early Modern England” in Teich, Porter, and Gustafsson, eds. Nature and Society in Historical Context (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1997).
13. The Newtonians and The English Revolution 1689–1720 (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1976).
14. See. among other writings, Pantheisticon (first English translation, 1751) (Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2009).
15. See especially the Collins-Clarke correspondence of 1706–8 which is published in full in Clarke’s Works (New York: Garland, 1994).
16. Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (London; Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1971).
17. See, for instance, P. M. Rattansi, “Newton and the Pipes of Pan,” Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 21.2 (1966); Christopher Hill, “Science and Magic,” a lecture given in 1976 at the J. D. Bernal Peace Library and published in the third volume of his Collected Essays (Brighton; Harvester P, 1986); and Charles Webster’s From Paracelsus to Newton: Magic and the Making of Modern Science (Cambridge; Cambridge UP, 1982).
18. P. M. Rattansi, “Newton's Alchemical Studies,” in Science, Medicine, and Society in the Renaissance (London; Heinemann, 1972) as well as his paper mentioned in the previous footnote.
19. See George H. Sabine, ed., The Works of Gerrard Winstanley (Kent, UK: Russell and Russell, 1965). See especially his “Fire in the Bush” and “Mysterie of God.”
20. The Death of Nature (New York: Harper, 1991).
21. For a theoretical deployment of a deliberately exaggerated version of Oblomov in order to explore philosophical questions of agency, see my Self-Knowledge and Resentment (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2006). For the original, see Goncharov, Oblomov (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978).
22. (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1982).
23. Jane Bennett, The Enchantment of Modern Life (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2001).
24. As is well known, the most explicit discussion of Marx on the subject of alienation is in The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts (New York: Prometheus, 1998). But his commitment to a politics based on the ideal of an unalienated life can be found throughout his work, including the late writings.
25. I say much more about the relations between Marx’s ideas on alienation and the genealogical analysis given in the present paper, in my “External Reasons and the Ideal of an Unalienated Life; An Essay on...
