What Dr. Adams and Dr. Hemingway May Tell Us about Ernest

Dr. Adams, based on Hemingway's doctor father, appears in five Hemingway short stories. In the first four, Dr. Adams is portrayed sympathetically, though he is shown as the passive victim of his wife's domineering personality. In the last story, as well as in For Whom the Bell Tolls, the father is drawn less sympathetically. What changed between 1924-1927—the first four stories—and 1933? Dr. Hemingway's suicide. I suggest that Hemingway, knowing that he had inherited his mother's poor vision, now feared he had inherited his father's mental disease as well.