Canada in Religion

tinguish· between leftist reform movements and anti-U.S. nationalist groups, helped to conceal the mainthrustofWashington'sconsistent hegemonic goals, even though U.S. leaders frequently failed to foresee the consequences and costs of their own actions. Kolko is a scholaron the left, buttoo wise to indulge in ideologicalpolemic; indeedtheimpactofthe bookis increasedby the monotone of his restrained prose. Using recently declassifieddocumentsand relentlesslydigging atevidenceand motives, Kolko has writtenan illuminating, forceful and persuasivecritique ofAmerican foreign policy anddemonstrated theinsightsofthe politicaleconomy approach in the hands of a master craftsman. Confronting theThird World isessential reading. In their different ways, but without exception , all ofthe booksconsidered here bear strongtestimonyto the importanceand vigour ofthe politicaleconomytradition inCanada. NOTES I. T.S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Chicago: University ofChicago Press, 1962), quoted in Mel Watkins, "The Economics ofNationalismandthe Nationality of Economics," Canadian Journal of Economics XI, Supplement(November 1978), pp. S88 and SI 16.This neglected article may be the best Watkins has yet written. 2. G. Myrdal, Objectivity in Social Research (New York: Pantheon Books, 1969), p. 102 (italics in original). 3. Compare Asher Horowitz and Gad Horowitz, Everywhere They Are in Chains: Political Theory from Rousseau to Marx (Toronto: Nelson, 1988), p. 4. 4. J. Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1962), pp. 45, 47. 5. Cf. Horowitz and Horowitz, p. 13. 6. Karl Polanyi, "Our Obsolete Market Mentality " (1947), reprinted in K.J. Rea and J.T. McLeod, eds., Business and Government in Canada (Toronto: Methuen, 1968), p. 363. 7. R. Simeon, "Inside the Macdonald Commission ,"Studies in Politic.alEconomy22 (Spring 1987), p. 172. 8. Ibid., p. 173 (italics in original). 9. D.V. Smiley, "Review," CanadianJournalof Political Science Xl, 3 (September 1978), p. 659. 10. A. Rotstein, cited in D.V. Smiley, "Canada and the Quest fora National Policy,"Canadian Journal ofPolitical Science VIIl, I (March Joumal ofCanadian Studies Vol. 26, No. I (Printemps 1991 Spring) 1975), p. 49. Smiley's article standsasa classic synopsis ofCanadian political economy. 11. Cf. Horowitz and Horowitz, p. 4. 12. LindaMcQuaig, "CorporatePowerbecoming more concentrated," Globe and Mail, 14 January 1988. 13. J.K. Galbraith, "Economics as a System of Belief," in Galbraith, Economics, Peace and Laughter (New York: Signet Books, New American Library, 1971), pp. 56ff. 14. See Leo Panitch, Review Article, "Corporatism : A Growth Industry Reaches the Monopoly Stage," and the "Reply" by Alan Cawson, Canadian Journal of Political Science XXI, 4 (December 1988), pp. 8!3ff. JACK MCLEOD University o/Toronto Canada in Religion THE MORMON PRESENCE IN CANADA. Ed. B. Y. Card, H.C. Northcott, J.E. Foster, H. Palmer and G.K. Jarvis. Edmonton: University ofAlherta Press, 1990. THE UK.RAIN/AN RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE : TRADITIONAND THECANADIAN CULTURAL CONTEXT. Ed. D.J. Goa. Edmonton: Canadian Institute ofUkrainian Studies, 1989. STATEANDSALVATION: THEJEHOVAH'S WITNESSES AND THEIR FIGHT FOR CW/L RIGHTS. William Kaplan. Toronto: University o/Toronto Press, 1989. ROME IN CANADA: THE VATICAN AND CANADIAN AFFAIRS IN THE LATE VICTOR /AN AGE. Roberto Perin. Toronto: University a/Toronto Press, 1990. THE FREE CHURCH IN VICTORIAN CANADA, 1844-1861. Richard W Vaudry. Waterloo: WilfridLaurier University Press, 1989. Alot ofconsideration has been given to the impactoffaith and religious traditionson Canadian life. Less attention has been paid to the influence Canada has had on religious communities. These five books, taken together , raise the latter question. Each 181 discusses a religious tradition whose centreof influence lies elsewhere, and each explores what happened when that tradition intersected with the Canadian context. Our modern pluralistic world believes that religion is an accidental feature of communal life. Itcan beadded orsubtracted, altered or transformed, without significantly changing the basic fabric ofsociety. Yet in most cultures religious features cannot easily bedistinguished from economicand political life, from marriage, the rearing ofchildren, and the treatmentofthe aged. Religious faith and religious commitmentreciprocally interact with all theother practices that make up a completesociety. Sincethe relation is mutual, the expressions offaith will not remain unaffected by the distinctive features of a particular nation. What are the features distinctive of Canada? A largecountry with a small population - a population whoseethnic roots by and largelieelsewhere; immigrants who camein stages, each period marked by its own religious and ethnic character: French Catholics, British Protestants together with Celtic Catholics, central...