Rhapsodic Receptions of Homer in Multiform Proems of the Iliad

This article examines two multiform proems that introduced different interpretations of the Homeric Iliad. Scholars have previously reasoned that rhapsodes used one of these proems. I further their observations by arguing that rhapsodes used both of them in competitive performance to put their own spins on the Iliad, a technique that increased their reputations and authority. In addition, by comparing the diction, meter, and content of the proems with the Homeric Iliad and archaic Greek epic more generally, I argue that the multiform proems interpret the relationship between immortals and mortals in different ways.