Terminology = Terminologie

Leonardo,Vol. I, pp. 321-323. PergamonPress 1968. Printed in Great Britain TERM1NOLOGY-TTERMINOLOGIE The terms defined below were selected from articles and notes written by artists in the second number of Leonardo. The terms cannot be found in the art dictionaries consulted or are used in a new sense. Some are terms that have been carried over into the field of art from the natural and social sciences and from technology. The definitions are not presumed to be unassailable. The Editors would therefore welcome the comments of readers on the definitions presented. The following references have been consulted: Les termes dCfinis ci-dessous sont extraits des articles et des notes Ccrits par des artistes, dans le second numtro de Leonardo. Ces termes ne figurent pas dans les dictionnaires d’art ci-dessous, ou sont utilisks dans une nouvelle acception. Certains, qui proviennent du vocabulaire des sciences naturelles, des sciences exactes, des sciences humaines et de la technologie, ont CtC introduits dans celui de l’art. Ces definitions ne prktendent pas &re exemptes de critiques. La RCdaction serait donc heureuse de recevoir les commentaires des lecteurs sur ces dkfinitions. Les ouvrages de reference suivants ont CtC consult&: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. The Adeline Art Dictionary. Jules Adeline, Frederick Ungar, New York, 1967. Britannica World Language Dictionary. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Chicago, 1962. A Dictionary of Art and Artists. Peter and Linda Murray, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, 1959. Dictionary of the Arts: Martin L. Wolf, Philosophical Library, New York, 1951. Dictionnaire de la peinture abstraite. Michel Seuphor, Fernand Hazan, Paris, 1957. Dictionnaire de la peinture moderne. Fernand Hazan, Paris, 1954. Dictionnaire polyglotte des termes d’art et d’archPologie. Louis RCau, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1953. Glossary of Modern Art. John O’Dwyer and Raymond Le Mage, The Philosophical Library, New York. The Harper Encyclopedia of Science. Ed. James R. Newman, Harper and Row, New York, 1963. Larousse Universel. Librairie Larousse, Paris, 1967. Leonardo. International Journal of the Contemporary Artist. I, No. 2, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1968. Pergamon Dictionary of Art. John FitzMaurice Mills, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1965. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Third Edition Revised with Addenda, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1965. Webster’s Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary. G. & C. Merriam, Springfield, Mass., 1967. 1. Automation-A term popularly used to describe or suggest the advanced mechanized performance of complex tasks, both mental and physical, that traditionally require the effort or attention of human beings. ([ll] p. 114; [9]) 2. Behavioural structure-An art object that undergoes changes with time in accordance with built-in controls or external stimuli. ([ll] p. 107) 3. Chromara-A kinetic art device of the Lumia type (Cf. [ll] p. 198) developed by R. I. Land. Optical techniques of light refraction and reflection 1. Automation-Terme utilise courament pour dCcrire ou suggCrer I’accomplissement grice A une micanisation pousste, de travaux complexes, manuels ou mentaux, qui demandent d’habitude, de la part deshommes, un effortouuneattention soutenus. ([Ill P. 114; PI) 2. Structure A comportement-Objet d’art qui se transforme dans le temps au moyen de ses appareils de contr6le internes ou de stimulants externes. ([ll] p. 107) 3. Chromara-Appareil d’art cinttique du type Lumia (Cf. [ll] p. 198) invent6 et utilisC par R. I. Land. Des techniques optiques de riflection et de 321 322 Terminology-Terminologie and shadows produce a kinetic picture on a translucent screen. The colours, patterns and motion in the pictures can be controlled automatically and/or by an observer. ([ll] p. 121) 4. Chromatic abstractoscope-A kinetic art device developed by C. Martinoya and N. Joel for projecting on a screen or a wall a continuously varying coloured picture. The device makes use of lightpolarizing material (Polaroid) and shaped birefringent material, for example colourless cellophane , attached to transparent revolving disks to produce changing shapes and colours by the interference of polarized light. ([ll] p. 172) 5. Crystal (inphysics)-A solid substance having a definite geometrical arrangement of its atoms, ions or molecules that repeats in space periodically to form a three-dimensional lattice. Crystals are characterized by a definite external form. ([ll] p. 191;[N. Joel]) 6. Cybernetics-The science which treats...