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REVIEWS 109 NorthAmerica littlemorecouldthenbesoldtourbanproperty-owners. While praisinghis enormouscapacityfor hard work and his diplomaticskills, Simpson addresses squarelythe long-rangefailingsof many of Adams's superficial successes: the voluntaryBritishTownPlanningActof •9o9 was largely ignored; hisowncompulsory butcomplicated provincial planning laws in Canadaremaineddead letters;the Town PlanningInstitutesof neither Britainnor Canada,of bothof whichhe wasfoundingpresident, achieved muchinhislifetime.True, largepartsoftheNewYorkplanwereimplemented thanksto the New Deal,but the proposals for regionalpublictransitand land-banks werenot. Thus, unintentionally, the plan resultedaboveall in expressway projects whichbenefited thecar-owning, suburban middleclass, andwhichwereextendedby RobertMoseswith resultsdisastrous to the city core.Even Adams'smodestproposals to moderateprivategreed often floundered. Thepurpose ofthestudy, explains theauthor(belatedly, onthesecond-last page),is to examineAdams'sprofessional career.Despitelarge gapsin Adams's papers, Simpson doesa splendidly balanced job of exposition and assessment. Understandably, hehasinpartreliedontheworkofotherscholars to explainthe contextin the three nationswhereAdamsworked.As no bibliography isprovided, itisnotalighttaskforthereviewer toassure himself of the thoroughness of Simpson's immersionin the literature.The sources citedin thenotesfor the Canadian case, certainly,permitteda ratherfuller andmoreaccurate explanation.For instance, the weakening of the housing reformmovement after the early •9•os wasdue partlyto the far greater stability of housingcostsin 19•3- 9 comparedto 19o6-•9. Contraryto Simpson's implication (•o6), homes werebuiltin Quebecunderthepostwar housing program. Montreal didnotsimply 'blunder on,uncontrolled' (87):he quiteignores thesuccess duringthe •9•osof regionalroadco-ordination on theIslandof Montreal,thanks tothenewMontrealMetropolitan Commission, not to mentionthe planning work of Montreal'schief engineer,H.A. Therreault.Nevertheless, hisgeneralcharacterization of planningin Canada before•939 isnot far off target.The bookasa wholepacksan astonishing amountof informationinto •94 pages of text. Clearlywritten, tightly organized,well illustrated,criticalbut fair, this biography isrecommended. WALTER VASNtisConcordia University Charles deSalaberry: Soldier ofthe Empire, Defender ofQuebec. j. PATRICK WOHLER. Toronto andCharlottetown: DundurnPress •984.Pp.•59.$•9.95cloth, $9.95 paper Thisvolume isachallenge to thosemilitaryhistorians whowillhavenohero above therankofcorporal.Fashionable asitistoanalyse indetailtheblunders 110 THE CANADIAN HISTORICAL REVIEW ofmilitaryleaders andtodismiss victories ashappyaccidents, J.Patrick Wohler shows that Charlesde Salaberry's claim to fame wasno accident.Scionof a French-Canadian militaryfamily,de Salaberryenteredthe Britisharmyasa 'gentleman volunteer.'Then, like his three youngerbrothers,he secureda commission throughthegoodgraces of hisfather'sfriend,theDukeof Kent. At thirty-fourhehadrisentotherank of lieutenant-colonel, asmuchthrough abilityasinfluence. The scholar will welcome this addition to the Dundurn Lives series, particularly for itsinsights intotheearlylifeof deSalaberry asa'soldier of the empire.'The sixteen-year-old receivedhis baptismalfire in hand-to-hand combat against Frenchtroopsin Guadaloupe. Insurrections inGrenadaandSt Vincent,campaigns in DominicaandMartiniquewerepartof hisdailyfare.In thebestswashbuckling fashionofthetimes,hedispatched afellowofficerinan affairofhonour,thoughdeSalaberry wasfar fromanexperienced swordsman at thetime. Like manyother Britishofficershebecamea MasterMasonand, somewhat coolly,slippedin and out of at leastone romanticattachment abroad. Wohlerhintsthatit wasde Salaberry's skillasa recruitingagentfor his regiment,the 6oth RoyalAmericans,that firstearnedhim the ill-will of Sir GeorgePrevost. Asthedefenderof LowerCanada(notQuebec), deSalaberry isgiven fullcreditforhisleadership duringthebattleofChateauguay, though Wohlerperhapsoverstresses de Salaberry's roleasvictimof Prevost's vindictiveness . A biographyof Sir GeorgePrevostismuchneededto balancethe testimony of deSalaberry's fellowofficers, mostof whomhada grudgeor two againstPrevost.After Chateauguay,the war hero passes out of historyto assume theroleofcountry gentleman, interested incanal building andactive in thefightagainst the Union Bill of •822. ELINOR KYTE SENIOR Montreal FreeTradeandSailors' Rights: A Bibliography oftheWarof •8•2. Compiledby jo•I• ½.gm•I•RIKSE•. Westport, Ct:Greenwood Press •985.Pp.xii,399.$45.oo Scholars whohaveusedFredriksen's Resource Guide for theWarof•8• (•979) willknowwhattoexpect inthisgreatly expanded revision. Thecompiler, ashe says, hasprovided areference tooltoameliorate research problems ofstudents oftheWarof •8•2 'bylistingallpossible combinations of dataincludingtexts, articles, bookchapters, dissertations andmanuscripts.' Satisfied that'thecause of theWarof •8•• anditssubsequent politicalramifications arewellknown,' hehasaimedtocover'virtuallyanyaspect ofthewar- military,naval,political, religious,or economic.'He could have added 'medical'as somemedical references appear.He hasorganizedhismaterialby theatresof operation, furthersubdivided by stateor territorialdesignations witha chronological ...

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