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REVIEWS 451 toemphasize theircommitment toliberty.Thusshefindsthem'less arbitrary andconspiratorial' thandoesGeorgeRawlykandcredits•785 LowerCove electors withless 'organizational structure and...political coherence' thandoes DavidBell(•78, •45).Sheevenrefuses tocast the •79os constitutional crisis asa contest between eliteLoyalists and rank-and-file Loyalists but nevertheless drawsconclusions consistent with suchan alignment.Likewise,the author makes noissue oftheNewEnglandorigins offourteenof hertwentysubjects, thereby discounting assessments ofNewBrunswick politics which havepitteda middlecolonies-based democracy againsta New England-based oligarchy. Evenso,mostof her exposition of thepoliticalthoughtof theleaders- the heartof thestudy- isbased on their Massachusetts majority. Condon's Loyalists thoughtthat the constitutional balancecombining monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy had erodedin Americaprior to the Revolution andthatthisgrowth ofdemocratic organs hadcaused therebellion. Accordingly, their visionfor New Brunswick calledfor strengthening the functions ofmonarchy andaristocracy. Casting themselves asthe'aristocracy,' theyunderstood bythattermaproduct of birth,education, personal abilities, magnanimity, or theircombination. Onecaninfer thatCondon's patricians hadabsorbed theBritisholigarchy's fearandhatredofrepublicanism andthat theNewBrunswick leaders sawtheirrecentcivilwarin termsof theEnglish CivilWar, concluding from bothupheavals that any strengthening of the democratic element wouldresultin a republic, evenin theLoyalist province. 'Republican' was apowerful epithet against theNewBrunswick opposition, not onlybecause of theword'sassociation with the United States and treasonbut alsobecause it suggested horrorsof the Interregnumand,in the •79os,the French Revolution. Condon gives theloyalist eliteofNewBrunswick goodmarks asbuilders of anorderly,productive, andfreesociety. Shereadilyacknowledges thattheir effortstoestablish a political oligarchy ... provedwhollyanachronistic ... [as] popularparticipation in government hadbecome a sine quanonof Englishspeaking communities in North America'(•69). Until muchmoreisknown aboutthecommonalty, to conclude thatCondon's 'particularLoyalists' were self-serving andoppressive simply because theywerenotdemocratic wouldbe both facile and itself anachronistic. CAROIlY. WATTV. RSON TgOXI•V.g ElonCollege, NorthCarolina LaSeigneurie deVaudreuil etses notables. gv.i•i•) PARIZEAU. Montreal: Fides•984. Pp.•4•, illus. Lapremiere partie dulivredeParizeau couvre lap•riode•8oo-3oetporte sur laseigneurie deVaudreuiletses notables. Parmices individus, l'auteuraccorde une attentiontoute particuli•reau marchandJean-Joseph Trestler. La deuxi•mepartiedu volume(pages•75 et suivantes) traitedesdeuxi•meet troisi•meg•n•rationsdeTrestler. 452 THE CANADIAN HISTORICAL REVIEW L'auteuridentifiecomme •tant lesnotables delaseigneurie deVaudreuil: lecur•, leseigneur, led•put•, lem•decin,lenotaireetlemarchand. II replace cespersonnages dansle contextesocio-•conomique de l'•poqueet explique pourquoi ilsjouentunr•)ledepremierplandansleurmilieu.Lesexplications deParizeau peuvents'appliquer, h quelques variantes pros,hl'ensemble des notables presents danslesseigneuries duBas-Canada aucours delapremiere moiti•duxixesi•cle.D'ailleurs, • chaque foisquel'auteurparledel'und'eux,il nepeuts'emp•cher defaireunsurvol delasituation dugroupe dans lareste de laprovince. Cesobservations sontassez proches decequiad•j• •t• •crit parde nombreux historiens. A partir de la page 88 et jusqu'h la page •7•, l'auteur s'int•resse• Jean-Joseph Trestler, qu'il consid•re comme un ,,marchand-typede la seigneurie ,,(89).Toutefois,ladescription qu'ilnousenfaitn'estpascelledu marchand rural typiquede la p•riode, sar•ussiteayantatteintun trop haut niveau.Danssonensemble, le portraitde cethommesemble assez complet. Cependant, del'aveum•medel'auteur,l•tudecontient ,,unepartd'affabulation ,, (7) et certainesde sesaffirmationsne reposentsur aucunesource tangible. Quant• l'analyse desacarri•redemarchand proprement dite,ellene r•pond pash toutesnosinterrogations,/i caused'un manque•vident de donn•es debase commeleslivresdecomptes, lesobligations, lescontrats. Dansla deuxi•mepartie de sonouvrage,Parizeaunousparle de JeanBaptiste -Curtius Trestler.I1nousditqueTrestlerillsestdevenu bourgeois en acc•dant • laprofession dem•decin,oubliant ainsi qu'ilappartenait d•jh• cette classe sociale deparla r•ussitedesonp•re. Cettedeuxi•mepartieestla plus faible, carelleestpresque sortiedel'imagination del'auteuretqu'ellenenous apprend rien de vraiment concretsur le ills devenum•decin. Quant • Iphig•nie Trestler,fille de Curtius(troisi•meg•n•ration), Parizeaun'a pu trouvermieuxqu'unetoile la representant, ainsique sasignaturedansle registrede mariage,pour essayer d'en faire un proill. C'estvouloir•crire beaucoup dechoses avecsipeu. Mises/•partcesfaiblesses, surtoutdansledeuxi•mevolet,LaSeigneurie de Vaudreuil etses notables selit bien.A notreavis,cetouvragepeutint6resser le grandpublic.Leshistoriens-chercheurs qui sontfamiliersavecl'histoiredu Bas-Canada ne doiventpass'attendre• y trouverunecontributionsubstantielie • l'historiographie. cv. oRcv. Rv. RVINSillery, Qugbec The Shaping ofOntario fromExploration toConfederation. Compiled byNICK MIKA andI-IV.l•aA •aI•. Belleville: Mika Publishing Company•985. Pp. 28o,illus. $75.oo This volume,yetanotherdesigned to commemorate thebicentennial of the coming oftheLoyalists, isa mixedbag.A series of essays covering aspects of Ontarioto •87o by both academics and localhistorians, its moststriking characteristics areitslargeformat,expensive maps,andlavish illustration. ...

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