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Are Children Really Inferior Goods?: Evidence from Displacement-Driven Income Shocks
- Journal of Human Resources
- University of Wisconsin Press
- Volume 45, Number 2, Spring 2010
- pp. 301-327
- 10.1353/jhr.2010.0012
- Article
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This paper explores the causal link between income and fertility by analyzing women's fertility response to the large and permanent income shock generated by a husband's job displacement. I find that the shock reduces total fertility, suggesting that the causal effect of income on fertility is positive. A model that incorporates the time cost of children and assortative matching of spouses can simultaneously explain this result and the negative cross-sectional relationship. I also find that a husband's displacement accelerates childbearing, which is consistent with lifecycle models of fertility in which the incentive to delay is driven by expected earnings growth.