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REVIEWS Practical Lexicography: A Reader. 2008. Thierry Fontenelle, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press,. Pp. ix + 405. i: 'n the past three to four decades, dictionary making has undergone a ^major transformation. Traditional methods relied largely on manual manipulation of citations and entry compilation relied heavily on introspection. Today, computer-aided analysis and compilation are nearly universal in Englishlanguage lexicography. Revolution is probably not too grand a term to capture the sea change, not only in lexicographical practice but in our understanding oflexical semantics and the interrelations between lexicon and grammar. Particularly those aspects of the revolution continue that were enabled by the computer. Today, corpora whose size was previously unimaginable are available in multiple locations through relatively inexpensive desktop and laptop computers and worldwide Internet access. Still actively under development are adequate tools by which to access the lexical and grammatical information in these gargantuan corpora. Of course, several powerful tools are already available, including a variety of KWIC] concordancers and linguistically sophisticated products such as FrameNet and Word Sketch. It is against this backdrop that The Oxford Guide to Practical lexicography by Aüdns and Rundell appears (and is reviewed elsewhere in this issue), along with the valuable collection of previously published articles under review here. Characterized by OUP and the volume editor as a companion to the Aüdns and Rundell book, Practical lexicography: A Reader (henceforth PlAR) is far more than that In fact, while it may serve as a companion volume, it is also a sterling standalone collection that records in edifying detail some ofthe most important developments in lexicography in recent decades, and it does so largely in first-person reports by some of the linguists and lexicographers most direcdy involved. PlAR reprints more than a score of highly stimulating chapters from a variety ofsources. Standing chronologically alone is SamuelJohnson's Plan ofa Dictionary ofthe Englkh language (1747), a pivotal piece in the history and philosophy of lexicography and referred to in half a dozen of PLARs chapters. It also reprints two articles from the 1980s, thirteen from the 1990s, and six appearing since 2000. In all, the volume comprises 23 chapters, including the editor's rich introduction. Seven chapters are reprinted from Euralex proceedings or publications, four from books or encyclopedias, four from Internationaljournaloflexicography, two each from Computational linguisticsand Computers and the Humanities, and one each from Literary and Linguistic Computing and Dictionaries:Journal of The Dictionary Society ofNorth America. Dictionaries:Journal ofthe Dictionary Society ofNorth America 30 (2009), 136-139 Reviews1 37 The first chapter after Johnson's Plan is "Theoretical Lexicography and its Relation to Dictionary-making" by Sue Atkins. This is the only chapter in PIAR that originated in the present journal. In it, Atkins teases out the complex relationships between what linguists as theorists and lexicographers as dictionary makers owe to one another. With the kind of detail available only to an experienced lexicographer, she describes the practical constraints of time and resources under which lexicographers labor and the restrictions that publishers impose on them. Publishers, after all, understand market conditions, the very engine of commercial lexicography. In going meticulously through the "decision points" in the process of making a dictionary, Atkins provides an enlightening introduction to the contents of the twenty chapters that follow. Completing this part of the volume is "Principles of Systematic Lexicography," in which Juri Apresjan aims to reconcile practical lexicography with modern linguistic theory. In "Then and Now: Competence and Performance in 35 Years of Lexicography ," Atkins takes us through the process of compiling an entry in an EnglishFrench bilingual dictionary. She begins with the entry for the verb cook that she herself drafted in 1967 for the Collins-Robert English-French Dictionary (1978). First by using a KWIC concordance produced by Mike Scott's WordSmith, then Adam Kilgarriff and David Tugwell's Word Sketch, and finally Charles J. Fillmore's FrameNet, she documents the far greater insight available to today's lexicographers than to those practicing in earlier decades. Comparing her 1 967 lexicography with her 2002 lexicography, she reports "The most significant difference ... [to be] that in the interval my approach to lexicography has benefited from the insights of linguistics " (271 ) , particularly corpus...

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