Korpustutkimus kielitypologiassa sovellettuna Udmurttiin [Computer corpus analysis in language typology applied to Udmurt (Votyak)] By Pirkko Suihkonen (review)

BOOK NOTICES 665 be obvious. Still, it would have been useful to include information about when this word first appeared. There follows a more or less detailed explanation of the usage of the word, often broken down by subheadings. One of the most useful aspects of this (in more than one way) 'new' dictionary is the inclusion of extensive lists of citations and secondary references. According to their own count (1), the authors have written entries on approximately three hundred words. From the index one can discern words discussed ten times or more: Agitation, Anarchismus, Antisemitismus, Autonome(r), Chauvinismus, diffamieren, Diffamierung, Euphemismus , Extremismus, Faschismus, Feindwort , Imperialismus, Ismen ('ism-words'), Kampfwort, Militarismus, Nationalismus, Neonazismus, Ökosystem (and other words with the 'eco[logy]' prefix), Radikalismus, Reaktion(är), Schlagwort, and Terrorismus. Half of these can be studied under the 'isms' heading in addition to their individual articles. The introductory 'Hints for usage' guides the reader through the dictionary. It will be of special interest to scholars with access to electronic data bases, as it reviews the availability of German corpora. The 'Introduction' (9-22) explains the kinds of articles, which range from individual words and groups (i.e. erz-, ultra-, hyper-, super-, and über-) to 'frame articles', which treat a given area, such as Literatur, or a given kind of word formation, such as Ismen. These are interesting, sometimes provocative surveys of developments in a range of areas, and make for rewarding reading. There may be disagreement on the choice or omission of certain terms, on the definitions, and on the organization of some of the items, but all in all readers will be thankful to the authors for having assembled an impressive collection of 'key words'. Lexicographers as well as cultural historians will turn to this dictionary and find answers, as well as new questions. Nearly all of the terms dealt with are foreign terms. It will be fascinating to see if the 'call words' of the Nineties will be more Teutonic in character. [John M. Jeep, The University of Chicago.] Korpustutkimus kielitypologiassa sovellettuna Udmurttiin [Computer corpus analysis in language typology applied to Udmurt (Votyak)]. By Pirkko Suihkonen. (SuomalaisUgrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia, 207 / Mémoires de la Société FinnoOugrienne , 207.) Helsinki: Suomalais -Ugrilainen Seura. 1990. Pp. iii, 343, two maps, indices. Suihkonen's goal is to examine Udmurt (Votyak ) based on a computer corpus in a typological framework. She treats functional semantics, using decompositional analysis of verbs and their arguments, and pragmatics, investigating thematic relations within sentences. The typological status is established by means of a statistical analysis. She finds Udmurt to be a 'very synthetic language', and its morphology to be agglutinative. The Udmurt word order varies according to pragmatic function; the primary word order is SOV, while SVO word order is 'associated with a certain semantic type: communicative sentences'. The book begins with an excellent discussion of the role of typology and universals throughout the history of linguistics and in various current formal theories, with a clear and valuable statement of her own theoretical assumptions. She defends her statistical approach: it was necessitated because access to native speakers was not possible, so that the large corpus in Helsinki needed to be dealt with carefully; and also, she argues, this approach brings muchneeded rigor to typological studies. Ch. 5 (81241 ) presents Udmurt grammatical structure in a very accessible way, providing a solid basic reference on this language. In short, the book is a valuable contribution to Finno-Ugric linguistics, and offers useful insights on linguistic typology in general. [Lyle Campbell, Louisiana State University.] Markedness in synchrony and diachrony . Ed. by Olga Miseska TomiC. (Trends in linguistics studies and monographs, 39.) Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1989. Pp. ?, 411. DM 178.00. This collection of nineteen papers represents a cross-section of current European work on markedness, a concept which has been extended over more different domains and theoretical approaches than any other in modern linguistics (with the possible exception of 'deep ...