Built on solid rock: Studies in honour of Professor Ebbe Egede Knudsen on the occasion of his 65th birthday Ed. by Elie Wardini (review)

BOOK NOTICES 187 hundreds of references (497-564), and an index (565-75). This comprehensive collection is highly recommended to all Salish researchers. [Taylor Roberts, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.] Locality in wh quantification: Questions and relative clauses in Hindi. By Veneeta Dayal. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1996. Pp. xii, 249. This book defends a constrained view of logical form, the level of syntactic representation to which interpretation applies. With data on questions and correlative clauses mainly from Hindi, it argues that the logical form of wh- structures is fairly close to their surface representation and that the difference originates from strictly local movement operations. In question formation, it has been observed for a number of languages that overt WH-movement is subject to locality constraints—subjacency—whereas no locality requirement holds between the surface site of an in situ WH-phrase and the CP level at which it is interpreted. This has been explained by means oflong-distance LF operations (WH-movement or unselective binding). Hindi, a WH-in-situ language, challenges this empirical generalization and, hence, its purported explanation: The scope of WH-phrases is generally bounded by their finite clause, but there are two cases where locality does not hold, namely in scope marking constructions and in questions that elicit long-distance list answers. This book argues that Hindi WH-phrases move at LF by strictly local movement and that these two constructions do not result from long-distance LF operations but rather from alternative mechanisms that yield the same semantic effect and more accurate distributional predictions . The book proposes that, in questions with a matrix scope marker, the matrix scope effect of the embedded WH-phrase is achieved by treating the socalled 'scope marker' as a true WH-phrase quantifying over propositions and taking the embedded interrogative as its restrictor. In long-distance list answers, the embedded WH-phrase does not move (nor is bound) long-distance either, but the entire embedded interrogative rises locally to Spec-CP. This results in a multiple question asking for pairings of an individual with a question, which yields the effect ofa multiple question over pairs ofindividuals. Hindi correlatives appear at the left periphery of the clause, distant from the DP that they are modifying . A long-distance noun modification structure has been proposed for similar correlatives in other languages , using ?-abstraction over implicit property variables. This book presents shortcomings for such an approach—indefinite DPs and multiple correlatives —and develops an alternative account that preserves the strict locality of noun modification: correlatives are treated not as noun modifiers but as generalized quantifiers that bind a variable—the pronoun in the DP(s)-inside their sister IP. Besides these issues concerning locality, the book develops a semantics for multiple WH-questions and correlatives. In order to capture the exhaustivity of the first WH-phrase and the one-one/many-one nature of the pairings in multiple questions with singular WH-phrases, it is proposed that these structures involve wh- quantification over functions instead of over individuals. The characteristics of pair list readings arising from plural WH-phrases, instead, are explained in terms of cumulativity. In sum, this book presents a comprehensive study of WH-constructions in Hindi that is extendible to other languages since the proposed strategies do not depend on parametric features of Hindi. The main conclusion—that the LF of WH-constructions differs minimally from surface structure and only as the result of strictly local movement to assign scope—challenges the view of a subjacency-free LF and argues for an architecture of grammar in which the same principles hold across levels of representation . [Maribel Romero, University of Pennsylvania .] Built on solid rock: Studies in honour of Professor Ebbe Egede Knudsen on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Ed. by Elie Wardini. Oslo: Novus forlag, 1997. Pp. vi, 308. Professor Knudsen has made important contributions to the fields of Assynology and Semitic studies, and this volume collects 25 articles in his honor. The wide scope of these contributions, from Arabic linguistics to Biblical philology, represents Knudsen's own varied interests. For reasons of space, I will just mention some articles which are of special interest for linguistics and Semitics. Sebastian P...