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BOOK REVIEWS111 the contributors here (Bolton, Powell) deserves a wider audience. The suggestion by James Powell that Peter Beneventanus Collivaccinus may have been its author, worked out in a contribution here, deserves a special mention. The other major source, the papal registers, for which many of the contributors have had to rely on the often faulty texts of Migne, will in the course of time be completed by the Austrian Institute and will doubtless move much study into new directions. The contributions on Spain (O'Callaghan and García y García), which has been sadly neglected in the past, are particularly welcome, as is the article on Innocent 's attitude to the Jews. So far as I know, this is the first time it has been treated exclusively for this pontificate. The whole crusading ethos—so important to the medieval papacy—receives attention, though there is nothing on the disastrous Fourth Crusade. Particularly interesting are the liturgical events in Rome, described by Maier and by Garcia, that took place at the same time as the Spanish Crusade in 1212. The pastoral pope, balanced against the crusading pope, has his place in section 2. 1 have somewhat jumped the gun on him. Canning , who professes a conversion to the 'pastoral' Innocent, attempts a reconciliation between the 'shepherding pope' and the pope whose duty it was to weed out and correct, the approver of a vengeance that might fall upon the just as well as the unjust. The implications of precisely that situation, as expressed in the canonical censure of the interdict, is explored subtly and crisply by Clarke. Reviewing a collection of essays of this kind is always difficult, because it presents no progression of argument, as does a monograph. So one should have no expectation of fitting the parts into a progressive historical theme. Vistas are opened up, but often in different directions and then the shutters close. This is not a book for those wanting to assess Innocent's influence on the institution of the papacy and in the Europe of the Middle Ages. But for those who know about before and after, there is much that is interesting, informative, and a pleasure to read. Perhaps, too, we can now get away from the labels 'pastoral' pope and 'political' pope. Will the present pope, one wonders, be remembered exclusively for his pastoral activities and not at all for his role in the collapse of communism ? Jane Sayers University College London Art and Crusade in theAge ofSaintLouis. By Daniel H.Weiss. (NewYork: Cambridge University Press. 1998. Pp. xiv, 279; col. pis. 8. $85.00.) This book examines successively some of the works of art that have been associated with the patronage of the Capetian king, Louis LX. Best known is the Sainte-Chapelle or Palatine Chapel in Paris, consecrated in 1248 before Louis departed on crusade; its unusual companion here is the Arsenal Old Testament, 112BOOK REVIEWS that had been assigned by other scholars to Louis' sojourn in Acre, 1250-1254 (Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal MS 5211, with selected illustrated books in abridged French translation). The author concludes that the two are linked to the king's crusading ambitions: "The monumental achievement of the SainteChapelle , dedicated only weeks before the king departed for the Levant, and the illuminated miniatures of the Arsenal Old Testament, created soon after his arrival in Acre, must be seen as comparable expressions of this [i.e., the king's] singular political, religious, and artistic vision" (p. 206). Attractively laid out, eminently readable though erudite, this is a study well worth critical perusal. Both works of art are treated somewhat abstractly, perhaps because the author relies on a large and authoritative secondary literature for matters such as dating, authorship, and iconography. On the program of the windows of the Sainte-Chapelle, which have been the subject of a more probing recent study by Alyse Jordan, the author sounds at times superficial; for instance, he skirts issues such as that the rose window was rebuilt in the fifteenth century when he states that its Apocalypse belongs to the original program (p. 46, n. 45 not withstanding ). A comparison of the figure styles in the...

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