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Hebrew Studies 36 (1995) 224 Reviews shown the editors' efforts to reconciliate differing opinions. Lightstone has convincingly argued that the production of the Bavli "represents in part the standardization of, or the attempt to impose, some nonnative fonn of scholastic critique" (cf. Jack N. Lightstone, The Rhetoric ofthe Babylonian Talmud, Its Social Meaning and Context [Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1994] p. 264). This endeavour points to an institutionalized setting which is found in the academies of Saboraic and early Geonic Babylonia. These considerations in no way diminish the value of Kraemer's study. He has presented an intriguing and very readable survey of rabbinic responses to suffering which is recommendable to the student of ancient Judaism, the rabbi and pastoral counsellor, as well as the interested layperson . Catherine Hezser Freie Universitiit Berlin Berlin GERMANY TmERIAN HEBREW PHONOLOGY. By Joseph L. Malone. pp. x + 204. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1993. Cloth, $45.00. Joseph Malone has been active in studying phonology and morphology of Semitic languages, as well as of Turkish and Irish, for thirty years; an entire page of the bibliography (pp. 199-205) of the book under review consists of his works. Among them the phonology of Tiberian Hebrew has aroused the author's special interest and been the subject of various articles since 1969. The first draft of Tiberian Hebrew Phonology was finished by Malone in September, 1978. A second draft was made "available for private distribution" in 1984. The most recent introduction is dated 20 June (the Summer Solstice), 1988; Malone had begun "to worry about the anomaly of basing so much of my ongoing work on an unpublished manuscript." In the bibliography the most recent year is 1991, while the book appeared in 1993, as noted in the heading above. (The bibliography is rather selective, e.g., Nesiga [Madrid 1987] by E. J. Revell and his numerous articles on the pausal phenomena deal in detail with Malone's Stress Adjustment [SA] and Major Tonic Change [majTC]; however, Revell's name does not occur in the bibliography.) Hebrew Studies 36 (1995) 225 Reviews As in the earlier drafts, Malone's Tiberian Hebrew Phonology is based on the "conservative, generative-phonological" foundations, and the treatment "purports to be fundamentally of SPE vintage (Le., classical generative phonology a la Chomsky and Halle [The Sound Pattern of English] 1968)." Three major additions are included in the book: each of the phonological rules is preceded by a "synopsis" which is intended to clarify the topics for a Hebraist with a traditional philological education, and two papers by Malone, dealing with (1) the metrical behaviour of u- ('and') as a short allomorph in the Hebrew poetry of Mediaeval Spain (1983) and (2) the problem of Hebrew vowel colour (seven or five vowel qualities in Tiberian Hebrew? - originally written in 1980), constitute Appendices A and B in chapter 11. In the General Baedeker to the Book, Malone defines his book as being "more of a reference grammar than a didactic grammar. Accordingly, it is not ideally organized for cover-to-cover reading, and certain portions are quite terse and formulaic." He is right in this. For a Hebraist without a fundamental addiction to the bouquets of the SPE vintage reading it is quite dazing. To give one example: A summary of the ordering of morphological rules is given on page 57; it consists of six sets: I Clitic Gemination, Preformative Simplification, Reflexive Fusion, Radical Movement, Terminal Schematic Specification II Bridge Building, Imperative-Infinitive Apheresis, Radical Specification III Initial Schmatic Specification, T-AffIxation IV Infinitive Bobbing, Radical Neutralization, Stress Placement V Base Truncation, Glide Deletion VI Suffix Whittling, Terminal Schematic Neutralization. On the basis of these M-rules, which are found in chapter 7, for example: from [[wa=hayVy+ow;tla~a'war+awt]] (+INV] we arrive at [[wa=hay+6w:t:la=ma'awr+awt]] in Gen 1:15 (chap. 10, Illustrative Derivations). The Persistent and Transient Phonological Rules (chaps. 8 and 9) lead further to /wa=h::>::>y+uu;tli=m'oor=60B/, the phonetic representation of which is [wah::>::>yuu lim'oor6oB]. It is not a bad idea to start reading with chapter 12, where the peculiar methods of transliteration...

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